Detecting climate change signals in Saudi Arabia using mean annual surface air temperatures

Almazroui, Mansour; Hasanean, H. M.; Alkhalaf, Abdulrahman K.; Basset, H. Abdel

doi:10.1007/s00704-012-0812-x

Cited by 33 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…They are characterized by clear and hazy skies, with high temperatures during daytime and minimum temperatures during nighttime. The AP is further sensitive to the climate variability and is strongly vulnerable to climate change (Bannayan et al, 2010;Al-Zahrani and Baig, 2011;Kaniewski et al, 2012;Almazroui et al, 2013;Kunchala et al, 2018). Understanding the diverse impacts of summer temperatures is therefore important for developing adaptation strategies and actions in order to mitigate the consequences of climate change over the AP.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prominent mode of summer surface air temperature variability and associated circulation anomalies over the Arabian Peninsula

Attada

Yadav

Kunchala

et al. 2018

Atmospheric Science Letters

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This study investigates the dominant modes of surface air temperature (SAT) variability and associated circulation changes over the Arabian Peninsula (AP) during summer for the period 1979–2016 based on an empirical orthogonal function (EOF) analysis. The analysis results reveal that the first leading EOF mode is related to the weakening of the subtropical westerly jet stream, which may impact the AP temperature variability through the mid‐latitude Rossby wave trains (successive troughs and ridges). This can be explained by the high correlation of the AP summer temperatures with the quasi‐stationary mid‐latitude/extratropical Eurasian Rossby wave train type patterns, which influences the air temperature variability by modulating the Asian Jets. Furthermore, the high AP SAT variability is also closely associated with strong middle to lower tropospheric descent (subsidence) anomalies, which cause warm temperature anomalies over this region.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prominent mode of summer surface air temperature variability and associated circulation anomalies over the Arabian Peninsula

Attada

Yadav

Kunchala

et al. 2018

Atmospheric Science Letters

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“…Authors in [86][87][88] observed that the climatological pressure systems that dominated in the SA area in winter are the Siberian high, the red sea trough, the subtropical high and the westerly trough. While the pressure systems that dominated in the SA area in summer are the Indian monsoon low, the thermal low and the subtropical high.…”

Section: The Role Of Pressure System On Saudi Arabian Climatementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Authors in [35,86] investigated the role of subtropical jet stream on temperature and precipitation over SA. They also show that the core of the subtropical jet is stronger throughout the wintertime than the other season and situated near 27.5°N.…”

Section: The Role Of Jet Streams On Saudi Arabian Rainfallmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Rainfall: Features and Variations over Saudi Arabia, A Review

Hasanean

Almazroui

2015

Climate

144

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Abstract:The Saudi Arabia (SA) climate varies greatly, depending on the geography and the season. According to Köppen and Geiger, the climates of SA is "desert climate". The analysis of the seasonal rainfall detects that spring and winter seasons have the highestrainfall incidence, respectively. Through the summer,small quantities of precipitation are observed, while autumn received more precipitation more than summer season considering the total annual rainfall. In all seasons, the SW area receives rainfall, with a maximum in spring, whereas in the summer season, the NE and NW areas receive very little quantities of precipitation. The Rub Al-Khali (the SE region) is almost totally dry. The maximum amount of annual rainfall does not always happen at the highest elevation. Therefore, the elevation is not the only factor in rainfall distribution.A great inter-annual change in the rainfall over the SA for the period ) is observed. In addition, in the same period, a linear decreasing trend is found in the observed rainfall, whilst in the recent past (1994-2009) a statistically significant negative trend is observed. In the Southern part of the Arabian Peninsula (AP) and along the coast of the Red Sea, it is interesting to note that rainfall increased, whilst it decreased over most areas of SA during the 2000-2009 decade, compared to 1980-1989.Statistical and numerical models are used to predict rainfall over Saudi Arabia (SA). The statistical models based on stochastic models of ARIMA and numerical models based on Providing Regional Climates for Impact Studies of Hadley Centre (PRECIS). Climate and its qualitative character and quantified range of possible future changes are investigated. The annual total rainfall decreases in most regions of the SA and only increases in the south. The summertime precipitation will be the highest between other seasons over the southern, the southwestern provinces and Asir mountains, while the wintertime rainfall will remain the lowest.The climate in the SA is instructed by the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and other circulations such as centers of high and low pressure,

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“…The surface air temperature data of 19 meteorological stations distributed through the KSA using cumulative sum, cumulative annual mean, and the Mann-Kendall rank statistical test for the period of 1978-2010 had showed that there was a negative temperature trend (cooling) with 0.03˚C/year for all stations during the first period (1978)(1979)(1980)(1981)(1982)(1983)(1984)(1985)(1986)(1987)(1988)(1989)(1990)(1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997), followed by a positive trend (warming) 0.06˚C/year in the second period (1998-2010) with reference to the entire period of analysis [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Temperature Trend on Makkah, Saudi Arabia

Abdou¹

2014

ACS

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The main objective of this study is to investigate temperature trend and distribution over 29 years period (1985 to 2013) in Makkah, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for all Muslims. Monthly mean, maximum, and minimum temperature levels and their trends are investigated using Regression analysis and Theil-Sen nonparametric test. Also, trends in deviations from the reference period (1985-2013) are analyzed. The results showed that the number of hot days and nights increased annually by 1.5966 and 1.832, respectively, while the number of cold nights decreased annually by 0.4054 nights. Both Regression analysis and Theil-Sen test demonstrated positive trends in mean, minimum and maximum temperature levels. Trends are determined for various seasons and months of the year. The annual mean of daily mean, maximum and minimum temperature increased by 0.0398˚C, 0.0552˚C, 0.0398˚C per year, respectively. The minimum value of monthly mean temperature (Tmmean = 23.98˚C) was found in January, whereas the maximum value of the mean temperature (Tmmean= 35.95˚C) was found in July. Maximum value of monthly mean of daily maximum temperature (Tmmax = 43.88˚C) was found in June and minimum (30.54˚C) in January. The monthly mean of the daily minimum temperature (Tmmin) varied between a minimum of 18.82˚C in January and a maximum of 29.59˚C in August. From the above analysis it can be concluded that Makkah is suffering from a considerable warming temperature trend which is confirmed by the Theil-Sen non-parametric test and there is potentially an increasing medical risk from heat waves that will be more intense. This requires specific attention toward: the energy demands for extra cooling, water resources, draughts, and medical preparedness by the decision makers in order to minimize these risks to residents, pilgrims who gather annually to perform hajj rituals and other visitors.

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Detecting climate change signals in Saudi Arabia using mean annual surface air temperatures

Cited by 33 publications

References 38 publications

Prominent mode of summer surface air temperature variability and associated circulation anomalies over the Arabian Peninsula

Prominent mode of summer surface air temperature variability and associated circulation anomalies over the Arabian Peninsula

Rainfall: Features and Variations over Saudi Arabia, A Review

Temperature Trend on Makkah, Saudi Arabia

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