Detección de anticuerpos circulantes en donantes de sangre en México

Abstract

Objetivo. Detectar anticuerpos circulantes contra seis infecciones transmisibles por (0)(1)(2)(3)(4)4). Las prevalencias más altas por tipo de anticuerpo circulante correspondieron a la hepatitis C, con 0,721% (IC 95%, 0,920), y a la enfermedad de Chagas, con 0,649% (IC 95%, 0,838 Anticuerpos, sangre; bancos de sangre; brucelosis; donadores de sangre; hepatitis; enfermedad de Chagas; VIH; sífilis; México. RESUMENLa aceptación del donante de sangre voluntario requiere de un protocolo para garantizar la calidad del producto que va a transfundirse, un proceso de admisión que consta de: 1) registro de datos generales, 2) historial médico (somatometría, citometría hemática, grupo sanguíneo y exploración física), 3) cuestionario de autoexclusión, 4) serie de pruebas serológicas postdonación para descartar infecciones transmisibles por sangre (brucelosis, enfermedad de Chagas, hepatitis B, hepatitis C, sífilis, virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH)) (1). Esta última fase permite bosquejar un panorama epidemiológico -aunque fraccionado-que tiene como fuentes de información a los donantes de sangre.Hay varios estudios nacionales e internacionales que informan en México una prevalencia de donantes de sangre seropositivos a la hepatitis C de 0,7% a 2,0% (2), de 0,32% para hepatitis B y de 0,28% para VIH. En el caso de la enfermedad de Chagas, la prevalencia encontrada es de 0,058%, convirtiéndola en Palabras clave

Prevalence of Serologic Hepatitis B Markers in Blood Donors From Puebla, Mexico: The Association of Relatively High Levels of Anti-Core Antibodies With the Detection of Surface Antigen and Genomic DNA

“…Overall, the HBsAg prevalence in blood donors was 0.066% throughout the studied period, which is below the range reported by most studies of blood donors during the last decade in several Mexican states: 0.23% (15), 0.30% (16), 0.20% (17), 0.18% (18), 0.057% (19), and 0.216% (20). In these studies, the presence of anti-HBc was not analyzed; however, the overall anti-HBc prevalence of 1.19% was lower than that found in two other studies of Mexican blood donors (4.42% (6) and 1.82% (7)) and almost one third of the 3.3% prevalence reported for Mexican adults with different socioeconomic status (4).…”

Seroprevalence of human Trypanosoma cruzi infection in the North of Estado de Mexico

“…Higher prevalence among the 80 (58.2%) women and 57 (41.8%) men who tested positive were shown, higher than the prevalence reported in 2010 for the country (0.4%) or (0.2%) in 1992 by Velazco-Castrejón et al 4 ; while for this State, Estrada-Franco et al reported 7.1% 8 . Compared with other states, the Northern part of the Estado de Mexico had a prevalence ten times higher than that reported for the State of Puebla (0.9%) or Querétaro (0.6%) in 2009 5,12 .…”

Prevalence of infectious diseases and its associated factors among the blood donors of the Honduran Red Cross – Northern Region between 2014 and 2016

“…In this study, a high percentage of the infected blood donors were positive for core hepatitis and HBV infections, a finding consistent with the that of a previous study in Tegucigalpa, which reported a high prevalence of core hepatitis infection among its participants [ 5 ]. Although different prevalence rates have been reported in other studies performed in a similar population, HCV (35%) was reported to be more common than HBV (10%) among the donors of blood banks in Mexico [ 13 , 14 ], highlighting an additional risk of which healthcare professionals should be aware. Additionally, living in rural areas was significantly related to an increased risk of HBV infection [ 15 ].…”