Detailed predictions of particle aspiration affected by respiratory inhalation and airflow

Inthavong, Kiao; Ge, Q; Li, Xiangdong; Tu, Jiyuan

doi:10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.07.071

Cited by 70 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Due to the large mass of pathogens carried in these type of new airborne droplets/nuclei, the possibility of infection can be significantly increased. Similarly, some small airborne droplets could further shrink in size, becoming smaller than 10 μm and increasing the probability of lower respiratory tracts infections [5]. Fig.…”

Section: Analysis Of Inhalable Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For airborne droplets, their movement could be dominated by the inertial and gravitational effects or the airflow, depending on the droplet size and air velocity [4]. In addition, studies on particle deposition in human airways [5] have proven that particles larger than 10 μm tend to impact onto the surface of upper airways while those smaller than 10 μm are more likely to penetrate deeper into the lower airways and pulmonary region. Some investigators [2,3] hence recommended 10 μm as a cut-off diameter to delineate upper and lower respiratory tract infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Modelling of evaporation of cough droplets in inhomogeneous humidity fields using the multi-component Eulerian-Lagrangian approach

Shang

Yan

et al. 2018

Building and Environment

123

120

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A B S T R A C TThis study employed a multi-component Eulerian-Lagrangian approach to model the evaporation and dispersion of cough droplets in quiescent air. The approach is featured with a continuity equation being explicitly solved for water vapor, which allows comprehensively considering the effects of inhomogeneous humidity field on droplets evaporation and movement. The computational fluid dynamics (CFD) computations based on the approach achieved a satisfactory agreement with the theoretical models reported in the literature. The results demonstrated that the evaporation-generated vapor and super-saturated wet air exhaled from the respiratory tracks forms a "vapor plume" in front of the respiratory track opening, which, despite the short life time, significantly impedes the evaporation of the droplets captured in it. The study also revealed that due to the droplet size reduction induced by evaporation, both the number density of airborne droplets and mass concentration of inhalable pathogens remarkably increased, which can result in a higher risk of infection. Parametric studies were finally conducted to evaluate the factors affecting droplet evaporation. Summary: The study demonstrated the importance of considering inhomogeneous humidity field when modelling the evaporation and dispersion of cough droplets. The multi-component Eulerian-Lagrangian model presented in this study provides a comprehensive approach to address different influential factors in a wide parametric range, which will enhance the assessment of the health risks associated with droplet exposure.

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Section: Analysis Of Inhalable Pathogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling of evaporation of cough droplets in inhomogeneous humidity fields using the multi-component Eulerian-Lagrangian approach

Shang

Yan

et al. 2018

Building and Environment

123

120

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…There still exist uncertainties concerning the appropriateness of such simplifications because features outside of the nose have a significant effect on airflows and particle behaviors within it (Doorly et al, 2008). A number of numerical studies have considered the external face in estimating particle inhalability in humanoid models (Anthony, 2010;Anthony & Anderson, 2013;Inthavong et al, 2012Inthavong et al, , 2013Li et al, 2012;Se et al, 2010). However, even larger numbers of numerical studies have excluded the facial interface (Liu et al, 2007;Martonen et al, 2003;Schroeter et al, 2001;Shi et al, 2006;Xi & Longest, 2009;Xi et al, 2011;Yu et al, 1998;Zamankhan et al, 2006), partially due to the complexity in developing computational models and the excessive computational expense incurred.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of the facial interface on inhalation and deposition of micrometer particles in calm air in a child airway model

Kim

Xiuhua

et al. 2014

Inhalation Toxicology

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“…Figure 1 shows the reconstructed nasal model, which was truncated at the anterior trachea to focus on particle deposition in the nasal passage. To include realistic flow conditions at the vicinity of the nostril inlets, external facial features, and the surrounding breathing zone near the face were included (Doorly et al, 2008;King Se et al, 2010;Inthavong et al, 2012Inthavong et al, , 2013Ge et al, 2013).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical assessment of ambient inhaled micron particle deposition in a human nasal cavity

Shang

Inthavong

2019

Exp. Comput. Multiph. Flow

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Understanding the particle exposure characteristics in human respiratory airways plays important roles in assessing the therapeutic or toxic effects of inhaled particles. In this study, numerical modelling approach was used to investigate micron-sized particle deposition in an anatomically realistic human nasal cavity. Flow rate of 15 L/min representing typical normal breathing rate for an adult was adopted, and particles were passively released from the ambient air adjacent to the nostrils. Through introducing a surface mapping technique, the 3D nasal cavity was "unwrapped" into a 2D planar domain, which allows a complete visual coverage of the spatial particle deposition in the intricate nasal cavity. Furthermore, deposition enhancement factor was applied to extract regional deposition concentration intensity relative to background intensity of the whole nasal passage. Results show that micron particle exposure in the nasal cavity is closely associated with nasal anatomical shape, airflow dynamics, and particle inertia. Specifically, the main passage of the nasal cavity received high particle deposition dosage, especially for larger micron-sized particles due to increased particle inertia. The nasal vestibule exhibited limited particle filtration effect and most deposited particles in this region concentrated posteriorly.

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Detailed predictions of particle aspiration affected by respiratory inhalation and airflow

Cited by 70 publications

References 29 publications

Modelling of evaporation of cough droplets in inhomogeneous humidity fields using the multi-component Eulerian-Lagrangian approach

Modelling of evaporation of cough droplets in inhomogeneous humidity fields using the multi-component Eulerian-Lagrangian approach

Effects of the facial interface on inhalation and deposition of micrometer particles in calm air in a child airway model

Numerical assessment of ambient inhaled micron particle deposition in a human nasal cavity

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