Detailed Modeling of Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) System

Chen, L.; Liu, Y.; Arsoy, Ayşen Basa; Ribeiro, Paulo F.; Steurer, M.; Iravani, M.R.

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2005.864075

Cited by 111 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…This means that the system releases energy in form of heat to the environment. During the discharging process, the sign of the enthalpy part in (20) changes, taking place an endothermic reaction. In (20) also appears the thermal factor due to the ohmic losses produced by the stack resistance, r, which experimentally changes its value during operation, but for practical purposes it can be assumed constant [110].…”

Section: Thermal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As for electric large-scale ESS, the most common is the superconducting magnetic energy storage (SMES) system [19], which is based on the use of electro-magnetic energy, and the electric double layer capacitor (EDLC) which directly uses electric energy. The main advantage of SMES is its energy efficiency, about 90% [20]. The main disadvantage is the high cost of superconducting wire, which, with the refrigeration energy that this system needs, makes this technology more appropriate for short-term applications [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Redox Flow Batteries: A Literature Review Oriented to Automatic Control

Clemente

Costa‐Castelló

2020

Energies

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This paper presents a literature review about the concept of redox flow batteries and its automation and monitoring. Specifically, it is focused on the presentation of all-vanadium redox flow batteries which have several benefits, compared with other existing technologies and methods for energy stored purposes. The main aspects that are reviewed in this work correspond to the characterization, modeling, supervision and control of the vanadium redox flow batteries. A research is presented where redox flow batteries are contextualized in the current energy situation, compared with other types of energy storage systems. Furthermore, a presentation about the current challenges on research, and the main existing installations is view. A discussion about the main dynamic models that have been proposed during last years, as well as the different control strategies and observers, is presented.

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Section: Thermal Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Redox Flow Batteries: A Literature Review Oriented to Automatic Control

Clemente

Costa‐Castelló

2020

Energies

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“…During SMES operation, the magnet coils have to remain in the superconducting status. A refrigerator in the cryogenic system maintains the required temperature for proper superconducting operation [61]. Among the different variants of flexible alternating current transmission system (FACTS) devices and ESSs currently available, static synchronous compensators (STATCOM) integrated with SMES has been proposed as the most adequate for participating of the primary frequency control because of SMES has high efficiency (95% to 98% [61]) and rapid response to power demand [62][63][64].…”

Section: Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (Smes)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards Implementation of Smart Grid: An Updated Review on Electrical Energy Storage Systems

Biswas¹,

Azim²,

Saha³

et al. 2013

SGRE

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A smart grid will require, to greater or lesser degrees, advanced tools for planning and operation, broadly accepted communications platforms, smart sensors and controls, and real-time pricing. The smart grid has been described as something of an ecosystem with constantly communication, proactive, and virtually self-aware. The use of smart grid has a lot of economical and environmental advantages; however it has a downside of instability and unpredictability introduced by distributed generation (DG) from renewable energy into the public electric systems. Variable energies such as solar and wind power have a lack of stability and to avoid short-term fluctuations in power supplied to the grid, a local storage subsystem could be used to provide higher quality and stability in the fed energy. Energy storage systems (ESSs) would be a facilitator of smart grid deployment and a "small amount" of storage would have a "great impact" on the future power grid. The smart grid, with its various superior communications and control features, would make it possible to integrate the potential application of widely dispersed battery storage systems as well other ESSs. This work deals with a detailed updated review on available ESSs applications in future smart power grids. It also highlights latest projects carried out on different ESSs throughout all around the world.

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“…SMES is a large superconducting coil capable of storing electric energy in the magnetic field generated by DC current flowing through it. Depending on the control loop of its power conversion unit and switching characteristics, the SMES system can respond very rapidly [16,17]. The SMES system is combined with the voltage source IGBT converter is capable of effectively controlling and near instantaneously injecting both active and reactive power into the power system and thus enhance system reliability and availability.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transient Stability Enhancement of Wind Generator by PWM Voltage Source Converter and Chopper Controlled SMES Unit

Sheikh

Nasiruzzaman

2009

J. Sci. Res.

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In order to investigate the impacts of the integration of wind farms into utility networks, transient stability should be analyzed before connecting wind turbine generator system (WTGS) to the power system. This paper proposes a robust controller for Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) unit to enhance the transient stability of a grid connected fixed speed wind generator system. In the proposed controller, both SMES active and reactive powers are controlled to decrease the fluctuations of output power and terminal voltage of the wind generator during transient condition. The power conversion system (PCS) of SMES unit used in this paper is composed of a sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulated Voltage Source Converter (PWM-VSC) and a two-quadrant DC-DC chopper using Insulated Gate turn-off Bipolar Transistors (IGBT). Stability during symmetrical and unsymmetrical faults in the network system is analyzed.Â Â The effects of the faults on the generator dynamics are also discussed clearly. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed SMES controller is very effective for stabilizing wind generator as well as the entire power system. Keywords: Â Fixed speed wind generator system; Transient analysis; System faults; PWM-VSC; DC-DC chopper and SMES unit.Â© 2009 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved.Â DOI: 10.3329/jsr.v1i2.2281

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Detailed Modeling of Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage (SMES) System

Cited by 111 publications

References 16 publications

Redox Flow Batteries: A Literature Review Oriented to Automatic Control

Redox Flow Batteries: A Literature Review Oriented to Automatic Control

Towards Implementation of Smart Grid: An Updated Review on Electrical Energy Storage Systems

Transient Stability Enhancement of Wind Generator by PWM Voltage Source Converter and Chopper Controlled SMES Unit

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