Detailed Investigation of Causes of Image Degradation in A Large Area Liquid Crystal Lens with Concentric Electrodes

Large diameter electrically tunable lens for ophthalmic distance accommodation

“…However, the micrometric precision manufacturing cost, chromatic aberrations and focus discretization are problems here that must be resolved first. Similar manufacturing problems persist for another very interesting approach (based on the refractive Fresnel concept) requiring multiple levels of high precision lithography [ 14 , 15 ]. Other, promising approaches were reported as well, such as the so-called geometric-phase [ 16 , 17 ], refractive Fresnel [ 18 ] or Foveal type of TLCLs [ 19 ], which have good chances for mid-term applications in augmented reality and virtual reality devices (see also, [ 17 , 20 ]).…”