Detachment of affinity-captured bioparticles by elastic deformation of a macroporous hydrogel

Abstract

Adsorption of bioparticles to affinity surfaces involves polyvalent interactions, complicating greatly the recovery of the adsorbed material. A unique system for the efficient binding and release of different cells and particles is described. Affinity-bound bioparticles and synthetic particles are detached from the macroporous hydrogel matrix, a so-called cryogel, when the cryogel undergoes elastic deformation. The particle detachment upon elastic deformation is believed to be due to breaking of many of the multipoint attachments between the particles and the affinity matrix and the change in the distance between affinity ligands when the matrix is deformed. However, no release of affinity-bound protein occurred upon elastic deformation. The phenomenon of particle detachment upon elastic deformation is believed to be of a generic nature, because it was demonstrated for a variety of bioparticles of different sizes and for synthetic particles, for different ligandreceptor pairs (IgG-protein A, sugar-ConA, metal ion-chelating ligand), and when the deformation was caused by either external forces (mechanical deformation) or internal forces (the shrinkage of thermosensitive, macroporous hydrogel upon an increase in temperature). The elasticity of cryogel monoliths ensures high recovery of captured cells under mild conditions, with highly retained viability. This property, along with their continuous porous structure makes cryogel monoliths very attractive for applications in affinity cell separation. affinity cryogel monoliths ͉ polyvalent interactions ͉ cell separation ͉ thermosensitive hydrogels ͉ cell release

Active scaffolds for on-demand drug and cell delivery

“…The connected macropores in the new ferrogel enable the rapid transport of various drugs ranging from small molecules such as mitoxantrone to very large molecules such as the protein SDF-1α and plasmid DNA out of the gel, upon magnetic stimulation. This result is consistent with previous observations that mechanical compression of macroporous or nanoprous gels can enhance the release of biological agents (51,52). Here, we further demonstrated that reversible deformation of macroporous ferrogels allows a mechanism for on-demand drug and cell release under the control of external magnetic fields.…”

“…The gels with only 10% of the baseline RGD content delivered over 90% of their cells after 4 h (two rounds of stimulation). These results are consistent with the lower RGD densities providing weaker cell adhesion, resulting in more cell detachment and release under the magnetic stimulation (51). The released cells were collected and probed for viability.…”

Macroporous gels prepared at subzero temperatures as novel materials for chromatography of particulate‐containing fluids and cell culture applications

“…Despite having been known in the 1980s, the potential of MGs (cryogels) for bioseparation has only recently been realized [8,20]. Our group has carried out a program of active research on the preparation and characterization of MGs from various materials [9, 14 -16, 18, 19] with controlled porosity [9,10] and surface chemistry [21 -25] for different applications in bioseparation [18, 19, 26 -41] 1 -100 Spongy and elastic Chromatography of particulatecontaining fluids [22 -24, 33] Dimethylacrylamide pDMAA 1 -120 Spongy and elastic Chromatography of particulatecontaining fluids; scaffolds for cell culture [19] Polyvinyl alcohol m-PVA 1 -80 Spongy and elastic As chromatography monolithic medium or non-degradable scaffold for cell culture [15] Polyvinyl alcohol b-PVA [29,48] a)…”

Poly (2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate) Macroporous Cryogel for Extracorporeal Medical Devices

“…These results suggest that at all layers the gel has equivalent strength to withstand compression. One of the potential applications of these cryogels that has been recently established is the detachment of bio particles, which are attached/adsorbed to the surface of cryogel [29]. This detachment of bio particles is facilitated by elastic deformation of cryogels.…”