Desulfovibrionaceae

Abstract

De.sul.fo.vi.bri.o.na.ce'ae. N.L. masc. n. Desulfovibrio , type genus of the family; suff. ‐ aceae , ending to denote a family; N.L. fem. pl. n. Desulfovibrionaceae , the family of Desulfovibrio . Desulfobacterota / Desulfovibrionia / Desulfovibrionales / Desulfovibrionaceae Cells are vibrio or rod shaped and occur singly or in pairs. Gram‐stain‐negative. Endospores are not observed. Motile or nonmotile. Strict anaerobes with respiratory and fermentative types of metabolism. Chemoorganoheterotrophs (all members), chemolithoheterotrophs (most members) and chemolithoautotrophs (few members). Simple organic compounds such as lactate, pyruvate, fumarate (most members), succinate (most members), and malate (most members) can serve as sole electron donors and carbon sources and are oxidized to acetate. Some members use amino acids and sugars. Alcohols are used only as electron donors and oxidized to their corresponding carboxylic acids. H 2 and CO 2 and formate can be used in the presence of acetate or yeast extract as carbon sources (all members), the reductive glycine pathway can be used for autotrophic growth (a few members). The common electron acceptor for most members is sulfate, which is reduced to sulfide; thiosulfate, sulfite, or sulfur (often without growth) might be used as well. Lawsonia spp. are intracellular parasites that can grow only in complex media and cannot use inorganic sulfur compounds as terminal electron acceptors. Some members can grow by reduction of nitrate or fumarate to ammonia and succinate, respectively. Reduction of other electron acceptors, such as oxygen (not linked to growth), Fe 3+ , DMSO, or others, might occur. Fermentation of pyruvate, fumarate, or other simple organic compounds is common. Growth by disproportionation of oxidized sulfur compounds might occur (chemolithoorganotrophic growth) but has rarely been tested. All species are mesophilic and contain desulfoviridin with the only exception of Lawsonia . Neutrophiles (most species), moderate alkaliphiles, and acidophiles may occur. The family currently accommodates 25 genera. Members of this family are found in various anoxic habitats. DNA G+C content (mol%) : 33.1–70.0 (genome, LC, T m ). Type genus : Desulfovibrio Kluyver and van Niel 1936 AL .

Establishment of Genome Based Criteria for Classification of the Family Desulfovibrionaceae and Proposal of Two Novel Genera, Alkalidesulfovibrio gen. nov. and Salidesulfovibrio gen. nov.

“…desulfuricans ATCC 27774 and Ntd. vulgaris Miyazaki F), which are the common limitations shared with previous research ( Galushko and Kuever, 2020a ; Waite et al, 2020 ). Despite the unclear distinction between Oceanidesulfovibrio and Macrodesulfovibrio in phylogeny based on the 16S rRNA sequence, this study with AAI-based criteria could not confirm that Oceanidesulfovibrio and Macrodesulfovibrio should be reorganized into the same genera ( Figure 1 , 4 ) due to the lack of reported genomes of strains belonging to those groups.…”

“…The addition of several new genera, namely Pseudodesulfovibrio ( Cao et al, 2016 ), Halodesulfovibrio ( Shivani et al, 2017 ), “Mailhella” ( Ndongo et al, 2017 ), Desulfohalovibrio , Desulfocurvibacter ( Spring et al, 2019 ), “ Paradesulfovibrio” ( Kim et al, 2020 ), and Desulfolutivibrio ( Thiel et al, 2020 ), finally led to a major reorganization based on the genome sequence data ( Waite et al, 2020 ), resulting in Desulfovibrionaceae currently comprising nine validly published genera ( Fundidesulfovibrio, Humidesulfovibrio, Maridesulfovibrio, Megalodesulfovibrio, Nitratidesulfovibrio, Oleidesulfovibrio, Paradesulfovibrio, Paucidesulfovibrio , and Solidesulfovibrio ) and three published but not validated genera ( “Alteridesulfovibrio,” “Aminidesulfovibrio,” and “Frigididesulfovibrio” ) besides the existing genera. Reorganizing the confusing taxonomy of the Desulfovibrionaceae family was completed by adding two valid [ Macrodesulfovibrio ( Galushko and Kuever, 2020b ), Oceanidesulfovibrio ( Galushko and Kuever, 2020c )] and one invalid genera [“ Psychrodesulfovibrio ” ( Galushko and Kuever, 2020d )] at the end of 2020 through Bergey’s manual ( Galushko and Kuever, 2020a ). As of August 2021, the Desulfovibrionaceae family comprised 21 validated genera, one synonym, and five non-validated genera.…”

“…Third, several mis-classified groups remain, particularly Cupidesulfovibrio [a genus newly proposed in early 2021 ( Wan et al, 2021 )] which requires further reclassification because it collides with the genus Nitratidesulfovibrio . Referring to the taxonomic comments on the Desulfovibrionaceae family in the 2020 version of Bergey’s manual ( Galushko and Kuever, 2020a ), some suggested that several species of Pseudodesulfovibrio , which are related to ‘ Paradesulfovibrio onnuriensis ’ IOR2 T , deserve to be considered as an independent genus.…”

“…Although the results published in Waite et al (2020) and Bergey’s manual ( Galushko and Kuever, 2020a ) almost corrected the confusing taxonomy of the family Desulfovibrionaceae, still issues require further investigation. First, the research did not provide a numerical value for genus delineation.…”

Bioinformatics Investigations of Universal Stress Proteins from Mercury-Methylating Desulfovibrionaceae

“…The chemical reaction for the addition of a methyl group to inorganic mercury occurs in diverse bacterial taxonomic groups including the Gram-negative, sulfate-reducing Desulfovibrionaceae family of the delta subdivision of proteobacteria [ 11 , 12 , 13 ]. The genera in the Desulfovibrionaceae family include Bilophila , Desulfobaculum , Desulfocurvibacter , Desulfocurvus , Desulfohalovibrio , Desulfovibrio , Halodesulfovibrio , Humidesulfovibrio , Lawsonia , and Pseudodesulfovibrio [ 14 ]. The availability of whole-genome sequence datasets for some members of the Desulfovibrionaceae [ 15 , 16 , 17 ] presents opportunities to understand the microbial mechanisms that contribute to methylmercury production in water bodies.…”