Desorption/ionization mass spectrometry on array of silicon microtips

Górecka-Drzazga, Anna; Dziuban, Jan; Drzazga, W.; Kraj, Agnieszka; Silberring, Jerzy

doi:10.1116/1.1861046

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Apart from minimizing matrix interferences, nanostructures are found to significantly improve sensitivity, e.g., exhibiting detection limits as low as 800 ymol (yoctomoles), 23 enhance selectivity, and enable adjustable fragmentation. 42,43 Ordered monolithic structures, such as NAPA, 44 nanocavity arrays, 45 and nanotips 46 can also be produced using nanofabrication protocols. Exquisite control over their dimensions makes these structures ideal for studying the mechanisms involved in the desorption and ionization processes.…”

Section: Nanostructures As Ion Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nanofabrication protocols with sufficient control over the array geometries can be developed to systematically tune the interaction between the structures and the laser radiation for optimum ion production. Ordered monolithic silicon structures such as NAPA, 44 nanocavity arrays, 45 and nanotips 46 are examples of such mechanistic studies. Cylindrical NAPA fabricated with systematically varied heights, diameters, and periodicities showed up to a 55-fold improvement in ion yields when for a given post diameter the optimum aspect ratio was found.…”

Section: Figures Of Merit For Photonic Ion Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following the techniques used to create electron field emitters, DIOSTA were produced with tip diameters as small as 10 nm. 46 These nanotip arrays were used for ion production This journal is c the Owner Societies 2012 Phys. Chem.…”

Section: Figures Of Merit For Photonic Ion Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Laser–nanostructure interactions for ion production

Stolee

Walker

Zorba

et al. 2012

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

128

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Interactions between pulsed laser radiation and nanostructured materials, with dimensions ranging from 1 nm to 500 nm, can result in enhanced desorption and ionization of organic and biomolecular adsorbates. When the critical dimensions of the nanostructures fall below the characteristic lengths for the involved transport processes, novel regimes of ion production are observed. Systems with dimensions commensurate with the wavelength of the laser radiation are the basis of photonic ion sources with unique properties, including polarization dependent ion yields and fragmentation. The main characteristics of these systems are often governed by altered modes of transport, e.g., ballistic vs. diffusive, energy confinement, plasmon resonances, and local field enhancements. Some structures offer control over the internal energy and the active fragmentation channels for the produced ions. Emerging applications of photonic ion sources in mass spectrometry benefit from ultrahigh sensitivity, a wide dynamic range for detection and quantitation, and a broad coverage of adsorbates ranging from small organic molecules to biopolymers, as well as to highly complex samples like single cells.

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Section: Nanostructures As Ion Sourcesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figures Of Merit For Photonic Ion Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Laser–nanostructure interactions for ion production

Stolee

Walker

Zorba

et al. 2012

Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys.

128

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“…The advantage of the nanocavity array is that the size (width and depth) and spacing of the nanocavities is controllable and should produces an optimized surface as shown in Figure 6. Another approach for fabricating a nanostructured surface for matrix-free LDI-MS involves the use of silicon microtips (Gorecka-Drzazga et al, 2005). The gated silicon microtip array was fabricated using semiconductor fabrication techniques.…”

Section: Nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Matrix‐free methods for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry

Peterson

2006

Mass Spectrometry Reviews

283

249

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Matrix assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is a soft ionization mass spectrometric method that has become a preeminent technique in the analysis of a wide variety of compounds including polymers and proteins. The main drawback of MALDI is that it is difficult to analyze low molecular weight compounds (<1,000 m/z) because the matrix that allows MALDI to work interferes in this mass range. In recent years there has been considerable interest in developing laser desorption/ionization (LDI) techniques for the analysis of small molecules. This review examines the approaches to matrix-free LDI mass spectrometry including desorption/ionization on silicon (DIOS), sol-gels, and carbon-based microstructures. For the purposes of this review matrix-free methods are defined as those that do not require matrix to be mixed with the analyte and therefore does not require co-crystallization. The review will also examine mechanisms of ionization and applications of matrix-free LDI-MS.

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“…9 As a recent comprehensive review indicates, 10 the search for a platform that exhibits high sensitivity, broad molecular coverage, and long-term stability continues. Recently proposed systems include meso-and microstructured silicon, such as nanocavities, 11 microtips, 12 and microcolumns. 13 The most broadly recognized method, desorption ionization on silicon (DIOS), 3 utilizes nanoporous silicon to trap the analyte molecules prior to laser irradiation and in some cases can achieve limits of detection down to ∼800 ymol.…”

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confidence: 99%

Nanophotonic Ionization for Ultratrace and Single-Cell Analysis by Mass Spectrometry

2012

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Recent mechanistic studies have indicated that at subwavelength post diameters and selected aspect ratios nanopost arrays (NAPA) exhibit ion yield resonances ( Walker , B. N. , Stolee , J. A. , Pickel , D. L. , Retterer , S. T. , and Vertes , A. J. Phys. Chem. C 2010 , 114 , 4835 - 4840 ). In this contribution we explore the analytical utility of these optimized structures as matrix-free platforms for laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS). Using NAPA, we show that high ionization efficiencies enable the detection of ultratrace amounts of analytes (e.g., ∼800 zmol of verapamil) with a dynamic range spanning up to 4 orders of magnitude. Due to the clean nanofabrication process and the lack of matrix material, minimal background interferences are present in the low-mass range. We demonstrate that LDI from NAPA ionizes a broad class of small molecules including pharmaceuticals, natural products, metabolites, and explosives. Quantitation of resveratrol in red wine samples shows that the analysis of targeted analytes in complex mixtures is feasible with minimal sample preparation using NAPA-based LDI. We also describe how multiple metabolite species can be directly detected in single yeast cells deposited on the NAPA chip. Twenty-four metabolites, or 4% of the yeast metabolome, were identified in the single-cell spectra.

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Desorption/ionization mass spectrometry on array of silicon microtips

Cited by 6 publications

References 5 publications

Laser–nanostructure interactions for ion production

Laser–nanostructure interactions for ion production

Matrix‐free methods for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry

Nanophotonic Ionization for Ultratrace and Single-Cell Analysis by Mass Spectrometry

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