Desnutrición infantil, coeficiente de desarrollo y su relación con el medio ambiente: un estudio piloto

Abstract

The socio-cultural factors that might be influencing the normal psychomotor development of the undernourished infant are studied. The sample consisted of 32 mother-infant dyads: 16 having normal DQ (Group A) and 16 having a below normal DQ (Group B) according to Bailey's Test applied to infants who entered a Nutritional Recuperation Center. Results showed that there were some differences in the infants' backgrounds: infants of Group A were the product of a wished-for pregnancy (p less than .05), and were separated less from their mother's side (p less than .007) than was the case in Group B. No differences were found in the socio-cultural and demographic background of the mothers. The infants' external environment was different in aspects observed within the neighborhood: there were fewer negative aspects in Group A than in Group B (p less than .003) and more positive in Group A than in B (p less than .001). The infant's internal environment as related to the mother was also different. Mothers of Group A perceived more affection from their partner (p less than .008), were more sensitive (to feelings of joy and suffering) (p less than .003) and stimulated their infant (p less than .004) more than those of Group B. These results show that the internal and external environments in which the infant with normal and below normal DQ evolves were different between the two groups. This could explain the differences in psychomotor development among undernourished infants belonging to the lower socioeconomic strata.

Programa de saúde da família: proposta para identificação de fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor

“…Based on the fact that the sample of children come from poor families with a per capita income of less than half a MW, it can be assumed that most of the children attend public day care centers that do not offer the proper stimulation for child development in a period in which the child is most vulnerable to environmental factors 3,33 . An intriguing result was the observation that longer father-child time was statistically associated with a higher percentage of motor persistence delay, unlike the results of previous studies that show paternal presence as a positive effect on child development 6,7,24 . Bustamante 34 reported that paternal presence is usually related with unemployment and that, by the father's own conception of fatherhood, being a provider is a necessary condition to having an affectionate relationship with his children and excludes physical care, which is attributed to women 34 .…”

“…Among the factors that influence child development are nutritional and environmental conditions, stimulation which can be aided by the family' s routine, and the family' s cultural, educational and socioeconomic standards [2][3][4][5][6][7] . The factors that have a negative influence on child development are more frequent in the lowincome population due to the effects of low socioeconomic status, poor nutrition and inadequate environmental stimulation 3,4,6 .…”

Estado nutricional e desenvolvimento motor grosso de lactentes entre seis e dezoito meses de idade

“…: sono noturno agitado ou em menor quantidade). Além disso, possíveis variações nos estímulos ambientais e na interação com a mãe 19 , fatores que não foram controlados neste estudo, podem ter influenciado.…”