Desistência De Cooperação Em Redes Interorganizacionais: Reflexões Inspiradas Na Ação Social Weberiana

Abstract

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Encouraging and Discouraging Factors for Networking Among Technology Firms: A Case Study in the Technology, Innovation and Knowledge Firms Network (Tikfn)

“…The rational-economic paradigm is centered on the resource dependence theory, indicating that a cooperative network result from better competitive advantages to firms, which pursue better market positioning. In this paradigm, access to markets and technologies, economic advantage, knowledge, material resources, decrease in risks and uncertainty, access to information, new opportunities, ability to respond, flexibility, economy of scope and scale and network participation in order to defend a leading position and to achieve competitive advantages, such as innovation, quality and cost reduction are encouraging aspects of forming networks (Balestrin & Verschoore, 2016;Xavier et al, 2015;Hernandes & Giglio, 2014;Balestrin et al, 2010;Giglio, Rimoli, & Silva, 2008;Klerk & Kroon, 2008;Grandori & Soda, 1995;Powell, 1990). On the other hand, the social paradigm assumes that relationships constitute the orientational and behavioral background of actors as its basic premise.…”

“…However, despite the benefits (encouraging factors) brought by networks, there are empirical evidences regarding a low life cycle of firms' networks. Some actors hypothesize that firm's networks are created at the same rate that they are finished (Xavier et al, 2015). Many networks are formed to overcome immediate difficulties and lack a strategic view that comprehends market share.…”

“…Highlighted among other discouraging factors for networking, concerning the rational-economic paradigm, are: the participating companies profile, as economic, strategic and structural characteristics might generate opportunistic relationships, mistrust and uncertainty; lack of synergy in objectives and cooperation; rivalry among participants; structural and strategic maladjustment; different sizes of participating companies, process failure on network management and coordination; little cost-benefit ratio; strategic problems (risk of losing essential skills to a partner); and the result of alliances (low performance, as divisions may be considered unfair) (Xavier et al, 2015;Wegner & Padula, 2012;Pereira et al, 2010;Nordin, 2006).…”

“…Therefore, the concern of the researchers is to understand the network structure by means of cooperative behavior among different actors, communication through information and learning exchange between members and trust behavior within the network. Such understanding enables an evaluation on levels of cooperation, all the way from an analysis of the encouraging precedents for stablishing a network, throughout its results and to the discouraging factors for its existence (Xavier, Paiva, Alves, & Medeiros, 2015;Wegner & Padula, 2012;Andrighi et al, 2011;Balestrin et al, 2010).…”

“…For instance, in literature, several encouraging factors for network operation are presented, such as: access to strategic resources and competences, new knowledge acquisition, economies of scale and/or objectives scope and congruence (Ebers, 2015;Mendonça, Teixeira, Bernardo, & Fonseca Netto, 2012;Chauvet, Chollet, Soda, & Huault, 2011;Balestrin et al, 2010). Regarding discouraging factors for network operation, the profile of participating companies, such as economic, strategic and structural characteristics, may generate opportunism, mistrust and uncertainty within relationships (Xavier et al, 2015, Wegner & Padula, 2012.…”