Desirable characteristics of animal products from a human health perspective

MacRae, J.C.; O'Reilly, Leona; Morgan, Peter

doi:10.1016/j.livprodsci.2004.11.030

Cited by 69 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…The n-3 FAs are considered the most important dietary FA for human health. Current human health recommendations include a dietary n-6:n-3 FA optimum of 2.0-2.5, but most human foodstuffs have a ratio nearer to 5.0-10.0 (MacRae et al, 2005). In the present study, the n-6 PUFA:n-3 PUFA ratio was lower than those reported in other studies on goats (Todaro et al, 2004;Sanz Sampelayo et al, 2006;Nudda et al, 2008) but was comparable to those reported for the fat depots and muscles of grazing goats (Bas et al, 2005;Horcada et al, 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Manipulation of dietary fatty acids (FA) is common because of the impact of FA intake on human health (MacRae et al, 2005). Myristic and palmitic acids are considered to negatively impact health, whereas conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) and polyunsaturated FA (PUFA), especially those of the n-3 series, are considered to be beneficial to human health; healthful FA benefit the cardiovascular system and lipid metabolism and may help to prevent cancer (MacRae et al, 2005).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Fatty acid composition of muscle and internal fat depots of organic and conventional Payoya goat kids

Vega

Guzmán

Pertíñez

et al. 2012

Span. j. agric. res.

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Interest in the preservation of autochthonous breeds such as the Payoya goat (dairy breed), raised using extensive or semi-extensive grazing, has also recently increased among Spanish farmers. A study of the possibilities of transformation to organic production needs to analyze the quality of their products, specially the suckled kids. The objective of this study was to evaluate the fatty acid (FA) composition of Payoya goat kids under organic and conventional grazing–based management system. Forty-eight goat kids were selected (12 males and 12 females from each management system). The FA profile was determined in the Longissimus thoracis muscle, kidney and pelvic fat. Few gender differences were observed in the muscle and in the fat depots. The ratios of C14:0, C18:1 trans-11-(VA), and several n-3 FA were higher in organic kid meat than in conventionally reared kid meat. Conventional kid fat depots have presented higher percentage of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), lower CLA desaturase index, lower percentage of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty-acid (PUFA) and, consequently, higher n6:n3 PUFA ratio than organic kids. In conclusion, significant differences were found only in some FA percentages of muscle and adipose tissues of suckling kids raised in organic and conventional livestock production systems, probably due because the dams, in both experimental farms, were raised with similar semi-extensive system based on the grazing of natural pastures. Due to this reason, conventional grazing–based management farms could easily be transformed into organic production facilities.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatty acid composition of muscle and internal fat depots of organic and conventional Payoya goat kids

Vega

Guzmán

Pertíñez

et al. 2012

Span. j. agric. res.

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show abstract

“…Such improvement was achieved through an increase in the concentration of FA, such as total omega-3, total CLA and vaccenic acid, which possess a valuable dietetic quality for human health (positive influence on brain development, reduction of blood cholesterol concentration, reduction of the incidence of cancer, diabetes and atherosclerosis) (Kliem and Givens, 2011). From a human-health perspective, another related positive result was the significant decrease of the omega-6/omega-3 FA ratio (Simopoulos, 2011), the level of which, in GF milk, fell within the optimum recommended values (2.0 -2.5) (MacRae et al, 2005). From the results of our trial, it seems that the main reason for such improvement should be attributed to the FA profile of the ingested plants rather than the concentration and composition of their PC.…”

Section: " "mentioning

confidence: 99%

Browsing ratio, species intake, and milk fatty acid composition of goats foraging on alpine open grassland and grazable forestland

Iussig

Renna

Gorlier

et al. 2015

Small Ruminant Research

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Aims of this study were to investigate diet selection of dairy goats foraging on two alpine vegetation types and to assess the related effects on milk fatty acid (FA) composition. Two enclosures laid out on an open grassland (OG) and a grazable forestland (GF) were exploited by 14 Camosciata goats. A commercial concentrate was supplemented during milking. Forty-five plots were randomly selected inside each enclosure and used to assess the species relative abundance (SRA) and phenological stage of plants, as well as goats' preferences (browsing ratio, BR) and intake (SI) for each species.Representative samples of the diet in each enclosure were built up considering the most ingested plant species and plant parts. Feed samples were analyzed for proximate, FA, and phenolic compositions.Milk samples were collected in each enclosure and analyzed for their FA profile. The enclosures showed a similar level of vegetation diversity. If compared to the GF enclosure, the OG one had higher proportion of Poaceae (81.2 vs 44.8% of SRA) and lower proportion of non-legume dicotyledons (14.6 vs 50.7% of SRA). The goats mostly selected eutrophic species in OG and forbs and woody species leaves in GF. The ingested vegetation was almost completely represented by grasses in OG (89.6% of SI), and by similar proportions of grasses and herbs and woody species in GF (54.9 and 45.1% of SI, respectively). The ingested forages from the OG and GF showed a comparable proximate composition; if compared to OG, the GF vegetation type was however richer in α-linolenic acid (ALA) and phenolic compounds (PC). Fatty acid analysis showed that GF milk had higher concentrations of ALA, total omega-3 FA, total trans-octadecadienoic acids, total conjugated linoleic acids, total trans-octadecenoic acids, and a reduced omega-6/omega-3 FA ratio than OG milk.Branched-chain FA were not significantly affected by treatment, suggesting that the activity of ruminal bacteria in the goats was not inhibited by the higher concentration of PC in GF plants. The main reason for the observed improvement of the FA profile in GF milk seems to be attributable to the FA profile rather than the concentration and composition of PC of the ingested plants. The abundance of herbs and woody species in the ingested vegetation was positively associated with the presence of nutritionally desirable FA in goat milk fat.

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“…Dichos resultados concuerdan con lo reportado por diferentes autores (15)(16)(17)(18), lo que se puede ejemplarizar con los patrones de consumo de alimentos en China (país que en la última década ha tenido un importante desarrollo económico), que ha conducido a un cambio en los patrones de consumo, reemplazando los alimentos de origen vegetal por animal (19). Otras variables como los conflictos armados, desigualdad, entre otros, pueden ser las causantes de que en algunas regiones del mundo se den cambios drásticos en los patrones de consumo, ejemplo de ello es la región del Oriente próximo, la cual ha tenido una disminución considerable en los consumos de alimentos de tipo vegetal (Figura 6).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Evolución de la relación entre el consumo de huevo de gallina en el mundo (Gallus gallus domesticus) y los principales alimentos entre 1961 y 2009

Velázquez

Pareja

Betancur

2017

Perspect Nutr Humana

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ResumenIntroducción: el huevo de gallina es un alimento de gran valor nutricional y es importante conocer las relaciones existentes del consumo de éste con respecto a los principales alimentos de origen animal y vegetal. Objetivo: determinar las relaciones entre los alimentos respecto al consumo de huevo, para el período entre1961 y el 2009 en el mundo. Materiales y métodos: teniendo en cuenta la base de datos de la FAO, se extrajo el consumo per-cápita de los principales grupos alimenticios, se aplicó la técnica de componentes principales (ACP), para detectar el porcentaje total de variabilidad y a la vez el nivel de asociación entre un grupo con predominio de las fuentes de origen animal, otro con predominio de fuentes de origen vegetal y el consumo de huevo. Resultados: en la década del 60 el huevo tuvo un aporte del 14,4 % en la explicación de la relación asociada con el grupo de alimentos predominantemente de origen animal, mientras para la primera década del 2000 solo fue del 4,2 %. Conclusión: las tendencias del consumo de huevo a nivel mundial han cambiado a través del tiempo en las décadas del 60 y el 70, y se ubicaba como el quinto alimento más importante consumido en el mundo, mientras en la primera década del 2000 se localizó en el octavo lugar.Palabras clave: consumo per-cápita de huevo, fuentes alimenticias, proteína animal, proteína vegetal, patrones de consumo, preferencias del consumidor. Using FAO databases, per capita consumption of major food groups was extracted and the principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to detect the total percentage of variability and the level of association between groups with predominant animal source intake and those with predominant vegetable and egg source intakes. Results: In the 1960's the egg contributed 14.5 % of intake in its food group, while in the decade 2000, the egg's contribution to its food groups was just 4.8 %. Conclusion: Egg consumption trends worldwide have changed over time; in the 1960s and 1970s the egg is ranked as the fifth most consumed food in the world, while in the 2000s it ranked eighth.

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Desirable characteristics of animal products from a human health perspective

Cited by 69 publications

References 27 publications

Fatty acid composition of muscle and internal fat depots of organic and conventional Payoya goat kids

Fatty acid composition of muscle and internal fat depots of organic and conventional Payoya goat kids

Browsing ratio, species intake, and milk fatty acid composition of goats foraging on alpine open grassland and grazable forestland

Evolución de la relación entre el consumo de huevo de gallina en el mundo (Gallus gallus domesticus) y los principales alimentos entre 1961 y 2009

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