Desigualdades socioespaciais na mortalidade do adulto no Município de São Paulo

Drumond, M. A.; Barros, Marilisa Berti de Azevedo

doi:10.1590/s1415-790x1999000100004

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(16 reference statements)

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“…In the contemporary world, the issue of violence deserves to be analyzed from all possible perspectives. Furthermore, this is not a specificity for homicides, for other studies 3,4 have demonstrated the association between the unequal distribution of male adult mortality in São Paulo City is also associated to other causes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

“…This indicator presents values lower than 10 in the great majority of countries. 3 According to data from the 2001 National Household Sample Survey, in Brazil, this ratio is 18.3, that is, the richest 10% of the population earn 18 times more than the poorest 40% of the population. The richest one per cent of the population accumulates almost the same amount of earnings as the poorest 50% of the population in Brazil.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Homicídios e desigualdades sociais no Município de São Paulo

Gawryszewski

Costa

2005

Rev. Saúde Pública

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ObjectiveThe relation between income and mortality due to violence has been studied in recent years. MethodsThis is an ecological cross-sectional study. Data regarding Sao Paulo City, Brazil in the year 2000 was analyzed. The association between homicide coefficients and the following five indicators were tested: infant mortality rates, monthly average income of household heads, percentage of adolescents aged 15 to 17 years not attending school, proportion of pregnant adolescent women aged 14 to 17 years and demographic density. Pearson's correlation coefficient and a multiple linear regression model were utilized to test these associations. ResultsThe municipal homicide rate was 57.3/100,000. The correlation between homicide rates and average monthly income was strong and negative (r=-0.65). Higher homicide rates were found in the districts whose inhabitants had lower incomes and lower rates were found in those districts whose inhabitants had higher incomes. The correlation between homicide rates and proportion of adolescents not attending school was positive and strong (r=0.68). The correlation between homicide rates and the proportion of pregnant adolescent women was positive and strong (r=0.67). The correlation between homicides and the rate of infant mortality was r=0.24 (for all: p<0.05). The correlation between demographic density and homicides was not significant. Although the univariate regression was positive for four indicators, the multivariate regression test was only significant for average monthly income (negative) and proportion of adolescents not attending school (positive) (for both indicators: p<0.01). ConclusionsThe findings highlight the problem of homicides and socioeconomic disparities in S. Paulo City. Economic development and reducing socioeconomic inequality may have an impact on the rates of mortality due to violence.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Homicídios e desigualdades sociais no Município de São Paulo

Gawryszewski

Costa

2005

Rev. Saúde Pública

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“…[77][78][79][80][81][82][83][84] Therefore, homicides were more prevalent in marginalised, socially excluded suburban neighbourhoods. Likewise, Dunn et al found that theft, as well as armed robbery, were higher among individuals treated in public clinics than among those treated in private clinics.…”

Section: -75mentioning

confidence: 99%

Causes of death among crack cocaine users

Ribeiro

Dunn

Sesso

et al. 2006

Rev. Bras. Psiquiatr.

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A b s t r a c t Objective: The study accompanied 131 crack-cocaine users over a 5-year period, and examined mortality patterns, as well as the causes of death among them. Method: All patients admitted to a detoxification unit in Sao Paulo between 1992 and 1994 were interviewed during two follow-up periods: 1995-1996 and 1998-1999. Results: After 5 years, 124 patients were localized (95%). By the study endpoint (1999), 23 patients (17.6%) had died. Homicide was the most prevalent cause of death (n = 13). Almost one third of the deaths were due to the HIV infection, especially among those with a history of intravenous drug use. Less than 10% died from overdose. Conclusions: The study suggests that the mortality risk among crack cocaine users is greater than that seen in the general population, being homicide and AIDS the most common causes of death among such individuals.Keywords: Crack cocaine; Longitudinal studies; Mortality rate; Cause of death; Substance related disorders Resumo Objetivo: O estudo acompanhou, por cinco anos, um grupo de 131 usuários de crack e observou os padrões de mortalidade, bem como as causas mortis entre esses. Método: Todos os pacientes que se internaram em um serviço de desintoxicação, localizado no município de São Paulo, entre 1992-1994 foram entrevistados em duas ocasiões: 1995-1996 e 1998-1999. Resultados: Após cinco anos, 124 pacientes foram localizados (95%). Vinte e três pacientes (17,6%) haviam morrido ao final do quinto ano de seguimento, sendo os homicídios a causa mortis mais prevalente (n = 13). Quase um terço dos pacientes morreu devido à infecção pelo vírus da imunodeficiência adquirida (HIV), especialmente aqueles com antecedentes pessoais de uso de drogas endovenosas. Menos de 10% dos pacientes morreu de overdose. Conclusões: O estudo sugere que os usuários de crack têm maior risco de morte do que a população geral, sendo os homicídios e a AIDS as causas mais observadas.Descritores: Cocaína crack; Estudos longitudinais; Coeficiente de mortalidade; Causa da morte; Transtornos relacionados ao uso de substâncias

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“…To overcome these limitations, at least partially, scholars have examined mortality differentials at different geographic levels and according to the distribution of several aggregated socioeconomic variables, such as household income, Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita, literacy rates and varying other measures. These studies have confirmed that better social indicators, such as better literacy rates, increased urbanization or GDP per capita, are highly correlated with greater life expectancy (Wood & Carvalho, 1988; Duarte, Schneider, Paes-Sousa, Silva & Castillo-Salgado., 2002; Messias, 2003; Ishitani, Franco, Perpétuo & França, 2006; Drummond & Barros, 1999; Silva, Paim & Costa, 1999; Szwarcwald et al, 1999). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Changes in Educational Composition on Adult Female Mortality in Brazil

2016

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The last century in Brazil was witness to profound changes. Female life expectancy at birth increased from 34.6 years in 1910 to 77.26 years in 2010. At the same time, the educational composition of the population has changed dramatically. In the 1940s, only 25 percent of the children aged 5 to 14 years old were enrolled in school. Currently, nearly all children attend school. We examine the extent to which changes in the age-specific distribution of education have contributed to the decline in adult mortality among women in Brazil. Our analysis follows other applications in the literature to measure the mortality reduction that would occur if exposure to specific risk factors were changed at the counterfactual level. The effects are not trivial: between 1960 and 2010, about 38 percent of the increase in life expectancy at age 30 can be attributed to changes in the educational composition of women. An additional 22 percent increase is expected until 2040.

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Desigualdades socioespaciais na mortalidade do adulto no Município de São Paulo

Cited by 21 publications

References 13 publications

Homicídios e desigualdades sociais no Município de São Paulo

Homicídios e desigualdades sociais no Município de São Paulo

Causes of death among crack cocaine users

The Effect of Changes in Educational Composition on Adult Female Mortality in Brazil

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