Designing Wearable Systems for Sports: A Review of Trends and Opportunities in Human–Computer Interaction

Abstract

This paper presents a literature review of humancomputer interaction works on wearable systems for sports. We selected a corpus of 57 papers and analyzed them through the grounded theory for literature review approach. We identified five themes across the papers: the different research perspectives, the type of sports and sportspeople, the roles of wearables in sports, their wearability, and the different types of feedback. These themes helped us in delineating opportunities for future research: the investigation of different form factors and types of feedback; the consideration of different sportspeople and collaborative tasks; the need of pushing the boundaries of the sports domain; the exploration of the evolution of sports; the interconnection of different devices; and the increase of methodological rigor.

A review of wearable and unobtrusive sensing technologies for chronic disease management

“…However, the research on improving practicalities of remote monitoring devices and promoting user experience remains limited. In particular, studies from the perspective of user interface and interaction design can greatly improve convenience, so as to foster patients’ acceptance, adoption and sustained engagement with these remote monitoring techniques [ 158 ]. For example, without professional instruction, the practical everyday use of wearable or unobtrusive monitoring devices is typically more challenging than that of conventional medical equipment, causing patients to question monitoring performance.…”

Towards Energy Efficiency in the Internet of Wearable Things: A Systematic Review

“…Activity recognition can be used to monitor and keep track of human physical movements. For example, wearables have been increasingly used to provide several user activity-based services such as suggesting areas of interest, activity-based fitness recommendations through step counting, and tracking the user's sports activities [35], [36]. Similarly, wearables have also been used to provide location-based services [37], gesture recognition applications [38], and monitoring industrial workers [39].…”

A Real-Time Wearable Assist System for Upper Extremity Throwing Action Based on Accelerometers

“…The integrated circuit (IC) outputs three-axis voltage changes of acceleration via Inter-Integrated Circuit (I 2 C) communication transmission, and mainly outputs data via a serial data line (SDA) and a serial clock line (SCL). The data transmission speed can be up to 400 kHz via I 2 C. In the MPU6050, the accelerometer has built-in 16-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) functionality, and the 16-bit sensor output data of each axis can be represented by 2 16 , that is, 65,536 steps. The raw measurement data ranges from −32,768 to +32,768.…”

“…Human action analysis is considered a notable problem in different applications including physical rehabilitation, artificial intelligence, healthcare, smart living, and sports [13,14]. Various studies were carried out by researchers in the field of action recognition and movement analysis in different sports to assist the players accordingly [15,16]. For instance, Kim et al conducted studies on detection and segmentation of sports motions using a wearable sensor [17] and estimation of knee joint forces in sport movements using wearable sensors was carried out by Stetter et al [18].…”