Designing and optimization of separation process of iron impurities from kaolin by oxalic acid in bench-scale stirred-tank reactor

Taran, Mojtaba; Aghaie, E.

doi:10.1016/j.clay.2015.01.010

Cited by 46 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(47 reference statements)

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“…In this study, a combination of sulfation, roasting, and leaching processes was thoroughly examined to recover REEs from bottom ash (BA) during the final stage by precipitation in order to find out a low-cost method for recovery of REEs in low concentrated secondary material. Ammonium oxalate was used as a leaching reagent; note that simultaneously, the affinity of this acid may induce the precipitation of REEs [16,17]. Roasting temperature, leaching time, and ammonium oxalate concentration are the main parameters, which were noted to study the selectivity of the process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfation–Roasting–Leaching–Precipitation Processes for Selective Recovery of Erbium from Bottom Ash

et al. 2019

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Bottom ash (BA) is mainly composed of compounds of Al, Fe, Ca, and traces of rare earth elements (REEs). In this study, the selective recovery of erbium (Er) as REEs by means of sulfation–roasting–leaching–precipitation (SRLP) using BA was investigated. A pre-treatment process of sulfation and roasting of BA was developed to selectively recover REEs using ammonium oxalate leaching (AOL) followed by precipitation. Most of the oxides were converted to their respective sulfates during sulfation. By roasting, unstable sulfates (mostly iron) decomposed into oxides, while the REE sulfates remained stable. Roasting above 600 °C induces the formation of oxy-sulfates that are almost insoluble during AOL. Dissolved REEs precipitate after 7 days at room temperature. The effects of particle size, roasting temperature, leaching time, and AOL concentration were the important parameters studied. The optimal conditions of +100–500 μm particles roasted at 500 °C were found to leach 36.15% of total REEs in 2 h 30 min and 94.24% of the leached REEs were recovered by precipitation. A total of 97.21% of Fe and 94.13% of Al could be separated from Er.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfation–Roasting–Leaching–Precipitation Processes for Selective Recovery of Erbium from Bottom Ash

et al. 2019

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“…The efficiency of variability in the actual response values can be expounded on by the experimental value and their interactions as given by the act-R 2 . However, the acceptable difference between the act-R 2 and the adj.R 2 should be less than 0.2 [39]. Statistically, a high adj.R 2 (>0.75) is acceptable [45].…”

Section: Regression Models and Statistical Testingmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The empirical model (Equation (1)) is a relationship between process variables and the expected response to understand the process mechanism and to optimize the process using minimal experimental runs [38]. Important areas of RSM application are product design, development and formulation and improvement of existing products [39].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ion Exchange Dialysis for Aluminium Transport through a Face Centered Central Composite Design Approach

Asante-Sackey¹,

Rathilal²,

Pillay³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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An ion exchange dialysis (IED) is used in the recovery of aluminium from residue. In this papers, the face-centered central composite design (FC-CCD) of the response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability approach is used for experimental design, modelling and process optimization of a counter flow IED system. The feed concentration, feed flowrate, sweep flowrate and sweep concentration are selected as the process variables, with the Al-transport across a Nafion 117 membrane as the target response. A total of 30 experimental runs were conducted with 6 center points. The response obtained was analysed by analysis of variance (ANOVA) and fitted to a second-order polynomial model using multiple regression analysis. The actual R 2 and standard deviation of the model are 0.9548 and 0.2932 respectively. The influences of significant variables are plotted on 3D surface and contour plots. The designed variables were numerically optimized by applying the desirability function to achieve the maximum Al-transport. The optimised condition values were found to be feed concentration (1600 ppm), feed flowrate (61.76%), sweep flowrate (37.50%) and sweep concentration (0.75 N) for the 80% target response at 32hrs. Overall, the model can be used to effectively predict Al-recovery using the designed system.

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“…Sebagai contoh, penggunaan fungi Aspergillus niger telah diteliti dan mampu memberikan 47,7% penghilangan besi pada temperatur 25°C dan 38,8% pada 30°C 19) . Pada dasarnya, A. niger untuk pemutihan kaolin berperan sebagai penghasil asam oksalat yang mampu mengendapkan ion besi terlarut menjadi besi (II) oksalat dihidrat yang juga dapat diproses lebih lanjut untuk produkproduk lainnya 20) . Meskipun demikian, proses yang melibatkan agen biologis hingga saat ini masih berada pada skala laboratorium.…”

Section: Casi3o8 + H2o + Co→ Al2o3 2sio2h2o + 4sio+ K2co3unclassified

Proses Pemutihan Kaolin Cicalengka Untuk Pelapis Kertas

Aliwarga

2023

Majalah Ilmiah Pengkajian Industri

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Rata-rata bahan baku kaolin di Indonesia masih mempunyai derajat keputihan yang rendah padahal kaolin harus mempunyai derajat keputihan yang tinggi (83%) untuk dapat digunakan sebagai pelapis dalam industri kertas. Untuk meningkatkan derajat keputihan dari bahan baku kaolin tersebut, proses pemutihan perlu dilakukan. Proses pemutihan kaolin telah banyak dilakukan oleh beberapa peneliti dengan menggunakan pemutih yang berbeda-beda. Warna kuning kecokelatan pada kaolin yang menurunkan derajat keputihan kaolin disebabkan oleh kandungan besi (III) oksida dalam kaolin. Pada proses pemutihan, terjadi reduksi besi (III) oksida menjadi besi (II) oksida yang lebih mudah larut dalam air sehingga lebih mudah dipisahkan dari padatan kaolin. Pada penelitian ini, pemutihan kaolin menggunakan Na2S2O4 dan EDTA sebagai pemutih. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh variabel operasi yaitu pH dan temperatur terhadap derajat keputihan kaolin pada proses pemutihan menggunakan kedua pemutih tersebut. Hasil percobaan menunjukkan proses pemutihan menggunakan Na2S2O4 dan EDTA dapat meningkatkan derajat keputihan kaolin sehingga memenuhi spesifikasi untuk pelapis kertas pada beberapa kondisi operasi. Proses pemutihan berhasil meningkatkan derajat keputihan kaolin hingga mencapai 85,54% pada pH 12 dan temperatur 70oC.

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Designing and optimization of separation process of iron impurities from kaolin by oxalic acid in bench-scale stirred-tank reactor

Cited by 46 publications

References 34 publications

Sulfation–Roasting–Leaching–Precipitation Processes for Selective Recovery of Erbium from Bottom Ash

Sulfation–Roasting–Leaching–Precipitation Processes for Selective Recovery of Erbium from Bottom Ash

Ion Exchange Dialysis for Aluminium Transport through a Face Centered Central Composite Design Approach

Proses Pemutihan Kaolin Cicalengka Untuk Pelapis Kertas

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