Designing and building a collimation system for the high-intensity LHC beam

Abmann, R.; Aberle, O.; Brügger, M.; Bruno, Luca; Burkhardt, H.; Chiaveri, E.; Dehning, B.; Ferrari, A.; Goddard, B.; Jeanneret, J.B.; Jimenez, M.; Kain, V.; Lamont, Mike; Ruggiero, F.; Schmidt, R.; Sievers, P.; Uythoven, Jan; Vlachoudis, V.; Vos, L.; Wenninger, J.; Baishev, I.; Kaltchev, D.

doi:10.1109/pac.2003.1288836

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Indeed, the LHC beam with the declared emittance ε = 5 • 10 −10 m will have local transverse size σ = εβ determined by the local β −function value. If a crystal with the cut is used as a primary collimator it will be inserted at a distance y cr = kσ , k ≃ 6, from the beam axis [11]. The proton trajectory near the point of maximum transverse deflection (y 0 , s 0 ) is approximated by the formula…”

Section: Jinst 2 P08006mentioning

confidence: 99%

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A technique to improve crystal channeling efficiency of charged particles

Tikhomirov¹

2007

J. Inst.

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It is shown that a narrow plane cut near the crystal surface considerably increases the probability of capture into the stable channeling motion of positively charged particles entering a crystal at angles smaller than a quarter of the critical channeling angle with respect to the crystal planes. At smallest incidence angles the capture probability reaches 99 percent. A pair of crystals bent in orthogonal planes and provided with the cuts allows to reach a 99.9 percent efficiency of single-pass deflection of a proton beam with an ultra small divergence. Conditions necessary for efficient single-pass deflection of protons from the LHC beam halo are also discussed. KEYWORDS: Accelerator modelling and simulations (multi-particle dynamics; single-particle dynamics); Beam-line instrumentation (beam position and profile monitors; beam-intensity monitors; bunch length monitors); Instrumentation for particle accelerators and storage ringshigh energy (linear accelerators, synchrotrons); Detector alignment and calibration methods (lasers, sources, particle-beams).

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Section: Jinst 2 P08006mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taking ∆ = 1µm and β = 350m for the longest available worm cleaning insert [11], for which y cr = 6 εβ = 2.5mm, one obtains δ y ′ max = 0.2µrad for the maximum value of the divergence angle and 0.1µrad for the root mean square one. This estimate demonstrates that the cut application can be really effective at the LHC.…”

Section: Jinst 2 P08006mentioning

confidence: 99%

A technique to improve crystal channeling efficiency of charged particles

Tikhomirov¹

2007

J. Inst.

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“…Some act in the horizontal plane, some in the vertical plane and others in the skew directions (at 45 • to the horizontal). In total, 108 collimators are presently installed in the LHC [18,19].…”

Section: Operational Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The technical challenges of the Large Hadron Collider

Collier

2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is a 27 km circumference hadron collider, built at CERN to explore the energy frontier of particle physics. Approved in 1994, it was commissioned and began operation for data taking in 2009. The design and construction of the LHC presented many design, engineering and logistical challenges which involved pushing a number of technologies well beyond their level at the time. Since the start-up of the machine, there has been a very successful 3-year run with an impressive amount of data delivered to the LHC experiments. With an increasingly large stored energy in the beam, the operation of the machine itself presented many challenges and some of these will be discussed. Finally, the planning for the next 20 years has been outlined with progressive upgrades of the machine, first to nominal energy, then to progressively higher collision rates. At each stage the technical challenges are illustrated with a few examples.

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“…The system layout has been worked out to provide the required cleaning efficiency of 99.998% and integrated into the machine. Open questions still remain [20]: foreseen collimator materials do not withstand the expected beam impact (require a factor of 100-200 better resistance); impedance from collimators is critical; mechanical and operational tolerances are tight; high activation imposes severe restrictions on hands-on maintenance.…”

Section: Lhcmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beam Collimation at Hadron Colliders

Mokhov¹

2003

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Operational and accidental beam losses in hadron colliders can have a serious impact on machine and detector performance, resulting in effects ranging from minor to catastrophic. Principles and realization are described for a reliable beam collimation system required to sustain favorable background conditions in the collider detectors, provide quench stability of superconducting magnets, minimize irradiation of accelerator equipment, maintain operational reliability over the life of the machine, and reduce the impact of radiation on personnel and the environment. Based on detailed Monte-Carlo simulations, such a system has been designed and incorporated in the Tevatron collider. Its performance, comparison to measurements and possible ways to further improve the collimation efficiency are described in detail. Specifics of the collimation systems designed for the SSC, LHC, VLHC, and HERA colliders are discussed. Abstract. Operational and accidental beam losses in hadron colliders can have a serious impact on machine and detector performance, resulting in effects ranging from minor to catastrophic. Principles and realization are described for a reliable beam collimation system required to sustain favorable background conditions in the collider detectors, provide quench stability of superconducting magnets, minimize irradiation of accelerator equipment, maintain operational reliability over the life of the machine, and reduce the impact of radiation on personnel and the environment. Based on detailed Monte-Carlo simulations, such a system has been designed and incorporated in the Tevatron collider. Its performance, comparison to measurements and possible ways to further improve the collimation efficiency are described in detail. Specifics of the collimation systems designed for the SSC, LHC, VLHC, and HERA colliders are discussed.

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Designing and building a collimation system for the high-intensity LHC beam

Cited by 5 publications

References 3 publications

A technique to improve crystal channeling efficiency of charged particles

A technique to improve crystal channeling efficiency of charged particles

The technical challenges of the Large Hadron Collider

Beam Collimation at Hadron Colliders

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