The technical challenges of the Large Hadron Collider

Collier, P.

doi:10.1098/rsta.2014.0044

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In 2012, the LHC [25] achieved the record instantaneous luminosity of L = 7 × 10 33 cm −2 s −1 by circulating high-intensity beams consisting of about 1300 bunches separated by 50 ns, with 150 billion protons per bunch, and a transverse size of about 20 µm when colliding in ATLAS and CMS. The integrated luminosity delivered to each experiment during Run 1 was approximately L · dt ∼ 30 fb −1 , most of which was at √ s = 8 TeV.…”

Section: First Data and First Physics Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The discovery and measurements of a Higgs boson

Gianotti

Virdee

2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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In July 2012, the ATLAS and CMS collaborations at CERN's Large Hadron Collider announced the discovery of a Higgs-like boson, a new heavy particle at a mass more than 130 times the mass of a proton. Since then, further data have revealed its properties to be strikingly similar to those of the Standard Model Higgs boson, a particle expected from the mechanism introduced almost 50 years ago by six theoreticians including British physicists Peter Higgs from Edinburgh University and Tom Kibble from Imperial College London. The discovery is the culmination of a truly remarkable scientific journey and undoubtedly the most significant scientific discovery of the twenty-first century so far. Its experimental confirmation turned out to be a monumental task requiring the creation of an accelerator and experiments of unprecedented capability and complexity, designed to discern the signatures that correspond to the Higgs boson. Thousands of scientists and engineers, in each of the ATLAS and CMS teams, came together from all four corners of the world to make this massive discovery possible.

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Section: First Data and First Physics Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The discovery and measurements of a Higgs boson

Gianotti

Virdee

2015

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…A brief account of the LEP-LHC transition period can be found in Ref. [105]. The Large Electron Positron collider was shut down on 2 November 2000, to make way for the installation of the Large Hadron Collider in the same tunnel [106], with an envisaged transition time of about four years.…”

Section: Can One Go Beyond 3 Tev In Lepton Collisions?mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Large Electron Positron collider was shut down on 2 November 2000, to make way for the installation of the Large Hadron Collider in the same tunnel [106], with an envisaged transition time of about four years. The LEP dismantling [107] started on 27 November 2000 and, after three months, the most critical two-thirds of the LEP ring had been emptied [105]. Surveying for the LHC started in November 2001 in the empty LEP tunnel [108], so LEP dismantling took less than a year before work for the LHC could start.…”

Section: Can One Go Beyond 3 Tev In Lepton Collisions?mentioning

confidence: 99%

FCC-ee: Your Questions Answered

Blondel,

Janot,

Tehrani

et al. 2019

Preprint

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This document answers in simple terms many FAQs about FCC-ee, including comparisons with other colliders. It complements the FCC-ee CDR [1] and the FCC Physics CDR [2] by addressing many questions from non-experts and clarifying issues raised during the European Strategy symposium in Granada, with a view to informing discussions in the period between now and the final endorsement by the CERN Council in 2020 of the European Strategy Group recommendations. This document will be regularly updated as more questions 1 appear or new information becomes available. Figure 1: Baseline FCC tunnel layout with a perimeter of 97.5 km, and optimized placement in the Geneva basin, showing the main topographical and geological features.

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“…Apart from the challenges identified in the abovementioned references, various books about CERN-specific challenges within an international science environment have been written for the general audience [18,19].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Identified Challenges in the Development Process of Superconducting Accelerator Magnets

Kaeske,

Fiscarelli,

Albers

et al. 2024

Designs

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Development challenges in the domain of superconducting magnets are concentrated on technical problems in the current literature. Organizational, domain-specific challenges are often seen as secondary but must be considered with new holistic development approaches like Model-Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) becoming more popular. This work quantifies the domain challenges and gives the foundation to derive success criteria for design support in the future. A systematic literature review has been conducted to identify the overall domain challenges, and extensive interviews in the CERN technology department have been carried out to identify the development challenges on a practical level. Problems in knowledge management have been identified as a major challenge in the development process and the general literature. The paper concludes by picking up the most important challenges from the interviews and literature and puts them into the context of the authors’ knowledge of electrical magnet design.

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The technical challenges of the Large Hadron Collider

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

The discovery and measurements of a Higgs boson

The discovery and measurements of a Higgs boson

FCC-ee: Your Questions Answered

Overview of Identified Challenges in the Development Process of Superconducting Accelerator Magnets

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