Design, Preparation, and Application of Magnetic Nanoparticles for Food Safety Analysis: A Review of Recent Advances

Abstract

This review (with 126 references) aims at providing an updated overview of the recent developments and innovations of the preparation and application of magnetic nanoparticles for food safety analysis. During the past two decades, various magnetic nanoparticles with different sizes, shapes, and surface modifications have been designed, synthesized, and characterized with the prospering development of material science. Analytical scientists and food scientists are among the ones who bring these novel materials from laboratories to commercial applications. Powerful and versatile surface functional groups and high surface to mass ratios make these magnetic nanoparticles useful tools for high-efficiency capture and preconcentration of certain molecules, even when they exist in trace levels or complicated food matrices. This is why more and more methods for sensitive detection and quantification of hazards in foods are developed based on these magic magnetic tools. In this review, the principles and superiorities of using magnetic nanoparticles for food pollutant analysis are first introduced, like the mechanism of magnetic solid phase extraction, a most commonly used method for food safety-related sample pretreatment. Their design and preparation are presented afterward, alongside the mechanisms underlying their application for different analytical purposes. After that, recently developed magnetic nanoparticle-based methods for dealing with food pollutants such as organic pollutants, heavy metals, and pathogens in different food matrices are summarized in detail. In the end, some humble outlooks on future directions for work in this field are provided.

Recent Advances on the Function and Purification of Milk Exosomes: A Review

“…The most representative extraction method in immunocapture is magnetic bead extraction, and the main advantage is that magnetic beads provide a large surface area for exosome capture to improve the extraction efficiency. Because magnetic bead extraction can separate exosomes from specific cells, and this method is highly specific, the purity of the product is high and is suitable for marker detection and clinical diagnosis of exosomes ( 68 , 69 ). However, its application is limited to samples with a certain surface target for immune adsorption and the cost is high.…”

An overview on the green synthesis and removal methods of pyridaben

“…In the recent decades, magnetic solid–phase extraction (MSPE) has emerged as an effective tool for enrichment and separation of pesticide residues ( Yu et al, 2022 ; Zhao et al, 2022 ). After adsorption, the separation of adsorbent and sample solutions can be easily achieved by applying an external magnetic field.…”

Detection of Heavy Metal Ions by Ratiometric Photoelectric Sensor

“…With the rapid development of modern industry, heavy metal pollution is becoming increasingly serious, posing a threat to ecological environment and human health. Heavy metals exist mainly in the form of ions in an environment (heavy metal ions, HMs), which are nonbiodegradable and able to accumulate at all levels of the food chain through biomagnification, resulting in biological heavy metal poisoning and environmental degradation . HMs mainly enter the human body through skin contact, respiratory tract, and digestive tract routes before precipitating and accumulating in the body .…”

“…Heavy metals exist mainly in the form of ions in an environment (heavy metal ions, HMs), which are nonbiodegradable and able to accumulate at all levels of the food chain through biomagnification, resulting in biological heavy metal poisoning and environmental degradation. 1 HMs mainly enter the human body through skin contact, respiratory tract, and digestive tract routes before precipitating and accumulating in the body. 2 Due to high bioavailability and high toxicity, HMs can cause nervous system disorders, cancer, genotoxicity, and even death.…”