Design Optimization of SBS-Modified Asphalt Mixture Reinforced with Eco-Friendly Basalt Fiber Based on Response Surface Methodology

Wang, Wensheng; Cheng, Yongchun; Tan, Guojin

doi:10.3390/ma11081311

Cited by 92 publications

(83 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Given the supremacy of the RSM approach, it was employed for the present research. The RSM design technique is commonly in use these day because of its design performance and exemption of cost [4,[23][24][25][26]. The ultimate goal of RSM is to examine the region of factor space where operating requirements are satisfied [27][28][29].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the Mechanical Attributes (Roughness, Strength, and Hardness) of Al-alloy A356 during Sand Casting

et al. 2020

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Sand-casting is a well established primary process for manufacturing various parts of A356 alloy. However, the quality of the casting is adversely affected by the change in the magnitude of the control variables. For instance, a larger magnitude of pouring velocity induces a drop effect and a lower velocity increases the likelihood of cold-shut and mis-run types of defects. Similarly, a high pouring temperature causes the formation of hot tears, whereas a low temperature is a source of premature solidification. Likewise, a higher moisture content yields microcracks (due to gas shrinkages) in the casting and a lower moisture content results in the poor strength of the mold. Therefore, the appropriate selection of control variables is essential to ensure quality manufactured products. The empirical relations could provide valuable guidance in this regard. Additionally, although the casting process was optimized for A356 alloy, it was mostly done for a single response. Therefore, this paper aimed to formulate empirical relations for the contradictory responses, i.e., hardness, ultimate tensile strength and surface roughness, using the response surface methodology. The experimental results were comprehensively analyzed using statistical and scanning electron microscopic analyses. Optimized parameters were proposed and validated to achieve castings with high hardness (84.5 HB) and strength (153.5 MPa) with minimum roughness (5.8 µm).

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modelling the Mechanical Attributes (Roughness, Strength, and Hardness) of Al-alloy A356 during Sand Casting

et al. 2020

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“…First, the asphalt to aggregate ratio (A), crumb-rubber content (B), and basalt fiber content (C) were determined as three independent variables. Then, based on our previous study [22,25,28], the asphalt to aggregate ratio was determined at 4.0, 4.5, and 5.0, and crumb rubber to asphalt ratio was 8%, 10%, and 12%. Basalt fiber content was 0.25%, 0.40%, and 0.55% in relation to the asphalt mixture.…”

Section: Response Surface Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the process of data analysis, not only can the relationship between the independent variable and the response value be clearly described, but the influence of the interaction between the two variables on the response value can also be fully reflected. Therefore, the response surface method has been widely used in the optimization design of asphalt mixtures [24][25][26][27].This paper aims to produce a new eco-friendly porous permeable asphalt mixture with basalt fiber and crumb rubber as modifiers, determine the optimum amount of modifiers by using RSM, further optimize the performance of PAM, and expand the scope of its application.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A New Eco-Friendly Porous Asphalt Mixture Modified by Crumb Rubber and Basalt Fiber

et al. 2019

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In this paper, the performance of environmentally friendly porous asphalt mixture was optimized by the response surface method. Taking the asphalt-aggregate ratio, crumb-rubber content, and basalt fiber content as the independent variables, the air void, Marshall stability, flow value, Marshall quotient, and Cantabro particle loss are the response values. The best model was determined by fitting the experimental data. After the influence of the independent variables on the response values was clarified, the models were used to optimize the dosage of the asphalt, crumb rubber, and basalt fiber through comprehensive analysis. The results showed that the application of the response surface method can complete the establishment of the models and the optimization of the performance of the porous asphalt mixture with sufficient accuracy. The optimum dosage of the asphalt to aggregate ratio, crumb rubber, and basalt fiber is 4.51%, 11.21%, and 0.42%, respectively. The high-temperature stability, low-temperature crack resistance, water stability, and Cantabro particle loss resistance of the optimized porous asphalt mixture were effectively improved, which provides a reference for the construction of eco-friendly pavement.Sustainability 2019, 11, 5754 2 of 21 worth mentioning that there have been many studies showing that crumb rubber can improve the performance of PAM more comprehensively. Specifically, Jiao et al. [14] researched the failure mode of SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene)-modified PAM and SBS-crumb-rubber modified PAM by compression and splitting experiments, the results showed that PAM modified by crumb rubber has a more uniform structure and more stable performance. Xie et al. [15] studied the pavement performance of crumb rubber-modified PAM in a long-term operation stage and the results showed that the pavement still showed good anti-rutting performance after five years of operation. Sangiorgi et al. [16] conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the performance of a crumb rubber-modified asphalt mixture. The results showed that although the application of rubber powder reduces the permeability of PAM, it increases the adhesion between the binder and aggregate and decreases the Cantabro particle loss of the mixture. At the same time, the rubber powder-modified asphalt mixture improves its low-temperature crack resistance. The above studies have proved the beneficial effect of crumb rubber on PAM. However, the considerations are relatively simple, and it is impossible to combine various factors to determine the optimum amount of crumb rubber.Fiber-based modifiers have been extensively studied in PAMs [17,18]. It is worth mentioning that basalt fiber is gradually used in modified asphalt mixture due to its high strength, good corrosion resistance, and high-temperature resistance. Cheng et al. [19] determined that the optimum dosage of diatomite and basalt fiber in an asphalt mixture was 14% and 0.32%, respectively, through an orthogonal experimental design. It was found that basalt fiber significantly improves...

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“…Nassar et al applied a central composite design (CCD) with response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize the mix design parameters of cold bitumen emulsion mixture, namely bitumen emulsion content (BEC), pre-wetting water content (PWC) and curing temperature (CT) [25]. Wang et al designed an experimental scheme to optimize three preparation parameters of styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS)-modified asphalt mixture reinforced with eco-friendly basalt fiber based on response surface methodology (RSM) [26].…”

Section: Central Composite Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Properties Analysis of Oil Shale Waste as Partial Aggregate Replacement in Open Grade Friction Course

Guo

Xing

et al. 2018

Applied Sciences

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Open graded friction course (OGFC) is a high permeable mixture used to reduce noise, improve friction. However, limitations with the use of OGFC are due to the relatively low strength and stiffness. Therefore, investigating environmental and economic benefits, as well as service life of OGFC technology is the future of the pavement. In this study, a new modified OGFC (SM-OGFC) was prepared by replacing the fine aggregate below 4.75 mm in OGFC with the oil shale waste (OSW), and the silane coupling agent modifier was used to assist modification. The preparation process of SM-OGFC was optimized by central composite design, to obtain an SM-OGFC with the best mechanical properties. The Marshall test, rutting test, −15 °C splitting test, −10 °C beam bending test, immersion Marshall test, spring-thawing stability test, Cantabro test and permeability test were conducted to evaluate the properties of SM-OGFC. The results prove that SM-OGFC has excellent overall performance in comparison with OGFC and styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS) modified OGFC. Furthermore, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observation illustrates that the unique laminar columnar connected structure and cell-like structure antennae of OSW could be the main reasons why SM-OGFC obtained excellent performance. Furthermore, economic analysis indicated that the SM-OGFC mixture had higher cost effectiveness.

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Design Optimization of SBS-Modified Asphalt Mixture Reinforced with Eco-Friendly Basalt Fiber Based on Response Surface Methodology

Cited by 92 publications

References 35 publications

Modelling the Mechanical Attributes (Roughness, Strength, and Hardness) of Al-alloy A356 during Sand Casting

Modelling the Mechanical Attributes (Roughness, Strength, and Hardness) of Al-alloy A356 during Sand Casting

A New Eco-Friendly Porous Asphalt Mixture Modified by Crumb Rubber and Basalt Fiber

Properties Analysis of Oil Shale Waste as Partial Aggregate Replacement in Open Grade Friction Course

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