Design optimization of a multi-temperature solar thermal heating system for an industrial process

Allouhi, A.; Agrouaz, Y.; Amine, M. Benzakour; Rehman, Shafiqur; Büker, Mahmut Sami; Kousksou, T.; Jamil, A.; Benbassou, Ali

doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2017.08.196

Cited by 69 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 55 publications

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“…More importantly, Morocco receives an enormous amount of solar radiation every day and has sufficient land for its exploitation [11,12]. For example, the average sunshine duration per year is about 5000 hours with an average 5.3 kWh/m 2 of the daily solar radiation [13].In Morocco, the average greenhouse gas (GHG) emission rate is estimated to be 2.8 tons of CO 2 /year/capita and is considered low relative to world norms [14]. However, with population growth and industrial development, this ratio is expected to increase in the near future [15,16].…”

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confidence: 99%

Design, Simulation, and Economic Optimization of an Off-Grid Photovoltaic System for Rural Electrification

et al. 2019

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Access to clean and affordable energy in rural African regions can contribute greatly to social development. Hence, this article proposes the design, simulation, and optimization of a stand-alone photovoltaic system (SAPV) to provide non-polluting electrical energy based on a renewable source for a rural house located in Tazouta, Morocco. Real monthly electrical demands and hourly climatic conditions were utilized. An initial design process indicated that, with a 1080 W p total capacity of PV modules and 670 Ah of battery storage, the proposed SAPV system was able to meet a considerable part of the dwelling load with an average solar fraction of about 79.1%. The rest of the energy demand was ensured by a diesel generator (DG). Also, a life cycle analysis of the PV system revealed that the life cycle cost is 10,195.56 USD and the unit electricity cost is 0.57 USD/kWh for an initial investment of 4858.68 USD. Thereafter, an optimum design based on Homer Pro software was carried out indicating that lower PV capacity can decrease the unit energy cost to 0.356 USD/kWh while reducing the solar fraction to 54.9%.Energies 2019, 12, 4735 2 of 16 society [1]. Access to electricity has not only been identified as an essential element for socio-economic development, but also contributes towards poverty reduction in society [2]. However, electricity generation and its supply are not distributed equally in the world, especially in rural regions [3][4][5] that also suffer from the low quality of the power supply distribution services [6,7]. Yet, most of African countries, for instance, are still underdeveloped both in terms of infrastructure and power network, despite large, ongoing renewable energy projects in the region. In fact, there are about 620 million people in this continent that have no access to electricity, which is equivalent to two-thirds of Africa's population [8].Of the 315 million people in rural Africa who are expected to have access to electricity by 2040, only 30% of them will be connected to national networks. The others will be connected to off-grid or mini-grid power systems [9]. Kofi Annan, chairman of the Africa Progress Panel and former UN secretary general urged African governments and their partners to do their utmost to combat the enormous energy deficit in Africa. This joint appeal was launched on Monday, 13 March 2017, at the ADB headquarters in Abidjan, Ivory Coast on the occasion of the launch of the Africa Progress Panel report entitled "Light, Energy, Action: Electrifying Africa", which calls for adopting all existing solutions-network and off-grid systems-to illuminate Africa and power it [10].It is no great surprise as this continent has an abundant potential of solar, hydro, wind, and geothermal sources of energy and contains significant quantities of natural gas. Some countries even have coal deposits. The great challenge for Africa is to exploit and manage these resources and make them contribute to its economic development and ease for the inhabitants. Morocco, which belongs to the north...

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Design, Simulation, and Economic Optimization of an Off-Grid Photovoltaic System for Rural Electrification

et al. 2019

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“…The configuration with two heat exchangers (HEX) is recommended when the process medium, storage medium, and the solar heat transfer fluid are different. Similar configurations have been used in the brewery industry in Germany [14] and proposed for the milk processing industry in Casablanca, Morocco [11]. Sensible heat storage is used in this study, as it is currently the most The configuration with two heat exchangers (HEX) is recommended when the process medium, storage medium, and the solar heat transfer fluid are different.…”

Section: Identification Of Potential Streamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Morocco [11]. Sensible heat storage is used in this study, as it is currently the most commonly integrated storage type in solar thermal systems [15].…”

Section: Identification Of Potential Streamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By a similar method to [9], Walmsley et al [10] investigated three general methods for integrating solar thermal heating into an HRL by using a New Zealand dairy factory case study and concluded that solar heat should feed into a heat storage tank to dampen temperature fluctuations. Allouhi et al [11] examined the utilization of a centralized solar water-heating system in a milk processing industry located in Casablanca based on economic feasibility. This study mainly focused on the effect of solar collector area, tilt angle, and storage tank volume on the economic feasibility.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Time-Dependent Integration of Solar Thermal Technology in Industrial Processes

et al. 2020

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Solar energy is currently an underutilized renewable energy source that could fulfill low-temperature industrial heat demands with significant potential in high solar irradiance counties such as Malaysia. This study proposes a new systematic method for optimization of solar heat integration for different process options to minimize the levelized cost of heat by combining different methods from the literature. A case study from the literature is presented to demonstrate the proposed method combined with meteorological data in Malaysia. The method estimates capital cost and levelized cost of solar heating considering important physical constraints (e.g., available space) and recovery of waste heat. The method determines and optimizes important physical dimensions, including collector area, storage size, and control design. As the result of the case study, the solar thermal integration with Clean-In-Place streams (hot water) gives the lowest levelized cost of heat with RM 0.63/kWh (0.13 EUR/kWh) due to its lowest process temperature requirement. The sensitivity analysis indicates that collector price and collector efficiency are the critical parameters of solar thermal integration.

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“…The electricity shortfall during summer reaches about 4000 MW to 5000 MW [2], which is alarming. Solar energy is being utilized globally in many applications such as zero energy and sustainable villages [3], PV irrigation [4,5], solar thermal systems [6], PV power plants for small loads [7,8], grid-connected multi-megawatt-sized PV power plants [9,10], solar cooling systems [11], solar water heating systems for industrial applications [12], PV water pumping [13,14], PV energy for desert camping [15], and solar energy utilization and hybrid power systems for remote locations [16][17][18][19][20][21][22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Empirical model development for the estimation of clearness index usingmeteorological parameters

Alam¹,

Rehman²,

Rehman³

et al. 2019

Turk J Elec Eng & Comp Sci

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The clearness index is an indispensable parameter required for the design and analysis of solar energy systems. In the absence of measured values for a specific location, the clearness index can be estimated from other measured meteorological variables. In this study three meteorological parameters, sunshine hours, monthly mean values of the temperature difference ( ∆ T), and cloudiness, are used to develop empirical models for the estimation of clearness index. The empirical models are developed for five major cities in Pakistan (Karachi, Multan, Lahore, Islamabad, and Quetta). For empirical model development, long-term data (1991 to 2010) of monthly average clearness index, sunshine hours, average daily minimum and maximum temperatures, and cloudiness have been used. The accuracy of the models has been tested by statistical indicators that include mean percentage error (MPE), coefficient of determination (R 2 ), mean absolute relative error (MARE), mean bias error (MBE), and root mean square error (RMSE). The error analysis revealed that the proposed models are suitable for the estimation of the clearness index. It is also concluded that multiple regression models give better estimates of clearness index for all the stations (0.80 ≤ R 2 ≤ 0.86) compared to single parameter model and therefore are recommended. The study indicated that clear sky conditions prevail throughout the months at all the investigated sites (0.58 ≤ K T ≤ 0.68), which is a good indicator for solar energy utilization.The statistical indicators also suggest that multilinear regression model M-3 gives a better representation of the climate system and using three parameters reduces the uncertainties in the developed model.

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Design optimization of a multi-temperature solar thermal heating system for an industrial process

Cited by 69 publications

References 55 publications

Design, Simulation, and Economic Optimization of an Off-Grid Photovoltaic System for Rural Electrification

Design, Simulation, and Economic Optimization of an Off-Grid Photovoltaic System for Rural Electrification

Time-Dependent Integration of Solar Thermal Technology in Industrial Processes

Empirical model development for the estimation of clearness index usingmeteorological parameters

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