Design of Ultra-High Gain Optical Micro-Amplifiers via Smart Non-Linear Wave Mixing

Abstract

Optical amplification of the input wave by mixing the pump wave within a nonlinear interaction medium offers high gain for a variety of applications. In real life studies, the interaction mediums which allow the optical amplification of the input wave have many resonance frequencies. However, the computational expense for tuning the pump frequency to yield the optical amplification of the input wave increases with the number of resonance frequencies within the interaction mediums. Here, we present a Fletcher-Reeves based algorithm for parametric amplification in micro-resonators having multiple resonance frequencies. Using our novel mathematical formulations, we obtained a gain of 4.7x10 7 for the input wave at 640 THz and a gain of 1.5x10 8 for the input wave at 100 THz within the micro-resonators. Moreover, the performance of our algorithm is verified by the well know mathematical expression, and we achieved more than 99% accuracy in computation of optical amplification. To our knowledge, this is the first study where Fletcher-Reeves algorithm is used for the parametric amplification. Our methodology can be accompanied to design optical parametric amplifiers for applications of high-speed optical communications, photonic circuits, and ultrafast lasers.

Nanoscale optical parametric amplification through super-nonlinearity induction

“…In order for OPA to occur at a significant degree for an input wave, usually, at least one of the three conditions need to be satisfied (Saleh and Teich 2019;Taghizadeh and Hatami 2017;Valiulis et al 2008;Fragemann et al 2003;Cholan et al 2011;Ooi et al 2017;Aşırım and Yolalmaz 2020;Asırım and Kuzuoglu 2020;Asırım and Kuzuoglu 2020;Sakhno et al 2020;Milton et al 1992;Gonzalez and Lee 2018;Manzoni and Cerullo 2016;Wang et al 2019;Markov et al 2018;Ren and Li 2011;Xiao et al 2021;Annamalai and Vasilyev 2012): (1) the nonlinearity of the interaction medium should be high. (2) The interaction medium should be sufficiently long (usually in the centimeter scale).…”

“…These studies have proposed that using just a micro-resonator and an intelligent cavity-design algorithm, an ultra-high gain OPA is possible in the microscale. This study builds upon these latest studies (Aşırım and Yolalmaz 2020;Asırım and Kuzuoglu 2020;Asırım and Kuzuoglu 2020) by eliminating the requirement of a high-Q cavity and goes further to suggest that nanoscale ultra-high gain OPA is also possible, even without the use of a resonator. Here, it is suggested that all that is needed is a smart choice of the pump wave frequency, which concurrently maximizes the interaction medium energy density and the nonlinear coupling strength (pump wave polarization density).…”

“…For this reason, coming up with an efficient OPA design in the small scale is of great interest for both applicability and for lowcost implementation of a certain experimental process, as in the case of Lab-On-Chip based measurements (Zhang et al 2016;Trovatello et al 2021;Kuramochi 2021;Baumgartner and Byer 1979;Marhic et al 2015;Taghizadeh and Hatami 2017;Valiulis et al 2008;Fragemann et al 2003). Therefore, the problem of small-scale OPA has attracted a significant number of researchers in the last decade (Taghizadeh and Hatami 2017;Valiulis et al 2008;Fragemann et al 2003;Cholan et al 2011;Ooi et al 2017;Aşırım and Yolalmaz 2020;Asırım and Kuzuoglu 2020;Asırım and Kuzuoglu 2020). A growing number of studies have suggested that microscale high-gain OPA is feasible through the implementation of special structural designs (Trovatello et al 2021;Kuramochi 2021;Baumgartner and Byer 1979;Marhic et al 2015;Taghizadeh and Hatami 2017;Valiulis et al 2008;Fragemann et al 2003;Cholan et al 2011;Ooi et al 2017;Aşırım and Yolalmaz 2020;Asırım and Kuzuoglu 2020;Asırım and Kuzuoglu 2020).…”

“…Therefore, the problem of small-scale OPA has attracted a significant number of researchers in the last decade (Taghizadeh and Hatami 2017;Valiulis et al 2008;Fragemann et al 2003;Cholan et al 2011;Ooi et al 2017;Aşırım and Yolalmaz 2020;Asırım and Kuzuoglu 2020;Asırım and Kuzuoglu 2020). A growing number of studies have suggested that microscale high-gain OPA is feasible through the implementation of special structural designs (Trovatello et al 2021;Kuramochi 2021;Baumgartner and Byer 1979;Marhic et al 2015;Taghizadeh and Hatami 2017;Valiulis et al 2008;Fragemann et al 2003;Cholan et al 2011;Ooi et al 2017;Aşırım and Yolalmaz 2020;Asırım and Kuzuoglu 2020;Asırım and Kuzuoglu 2020). There are also studies that proposed the use of ultra-nonlinear materials/crystals to decrease the interaction medium length for small-scale OPA realization (Sakhno et al 2020;Milton et al 1992;Gonzalez and Lee 2018;Manzoni and Cerullo 2016;Wang et al 2019;Markov et al 2018;Ren and Li 2011;Xiao et al 2021).…”

“…There are also studies that proposed the use of ultra-nonlinear materials/crystals to decrease the interaction medium length for small-scale OPA realization (Sakhno et al 2020;Milton et al 1992;Gonzalez and Lee 2018;Manzoni and Cerullo 2016;Wang et al 2019;Markov et al 2018;Ren and Li 2011;Xiao et al 2021). Most importantly, a recent set of studies has found that small-scale OPA is quite feasible without the use of special structural designs or ultra-nonlinear crystals (Aşırım and Yolalmaz 2020;Asırım and Kuzuoglu 2020;Asırım and Kuzuoglu 2020). These studies have proposed that using just a micro-resonator and an intelligent cavity-design algorithm, an ultra-high gain OPA is possible in the microscale.…”