This paper presents a new active-caster drive system for omnidirectional mobile robots. The active-caster presents omnidirectional motion on the ground with providing an active traction force in an arbitrary direction by controlling a 2DOF planar velocity vector created by independent two motors. The proposed mechanism includes a dual-ball transmission to transmit traction power to rotate and orient a drive wheel with distributing velocity components to wheel and steering axes in an appropriate ratio. One of the significant features of the proposed mechanism is that a velocity ratio between wheel rotation and steering rotation is determined mechanically by the dual-ball transmission, where the ratio is a function of an orientation of a wheel, therefore a sensor for measuring a wheel orientation and calculations for velocity decomposition are totally removed from a conventional control system.Addition to the simplicity in controlling a single wheel, the proposed mechanism allows some actuators to drive multiple axes simultaneously on vehicle designs. This feature gives a variety of vehicle designs with no redundant actuation, such as a three-wheeled and three-motor vehicle, two-wheeled and three-motor vehicle, etc.A kinematic model of the proposed active-caster mechanism with a dual-ball transmission is analyzed and a mechanical condition for realizing caster motion is derived. Based on the kinematic model and the mechanical condition, computer simulations of the mechanism are performed. A prototype mechanism of the active-caster is designed and built to verify the availability of the proposed system. In the experiments, the active-caster prototype shows successful caster motions which includes complicated velocity distribution by the mechanism with no computer based coordination.