“…In order to improve the adaptability of the damper in the vibration system environment. Jiang et al (2022b) designed a new type of magnetorheological damper with selectable performance parameters. The damper can automatically switch the working channel according to the actual stroke, thereby improving the response of the vibration system to unexpectedly increased loads.…”
In order to meet the damper performance requirements of heavy vehicles, a stepped-bypass magnetorheological damper is proposed. The mathematical model of damping force is deduced, and its mechanical properties are numerically simulated. Then the damper is manufactured, and the mechanical properties of the stepped bypass magnetorheological damper are experimentally studied. The simulation are consistent with the experimental results. The damper is optimized by orthogonal optimization design test. Finally, it is concluded that the maximum output damping force of the stepped bypass magnetorheological damper is about 4500 N, and the adjustable coefficient K is about 5.4. After optimization, the damping force of the stepped bypass magnetorheological damper is increased by at least 5.3%, and the adjustable coefficient K is at least 1.37 times that before optimization, which is 13% wider than that before optimization.
“…In order to improve the adaptability of the damper in the vibration system environment. Jiang et al (2022b) designed a new type of magnetorheological damper with selectable performance parameters. The damper can automatically switch the working channel according to the actual stroke, thereby improving the response of the vibration system to unexpectedly increased loads.…”
In order to meet the damper performance requirements of heavy vehicles, a stepped-bypass magnetorheological damper is proposed. The mathematical model of damping force is deduced, and its mechanical properties are numerically simulated. Then the damper is manufactured, and the mechanical properties of the stepped bypass magnetorheological damper are experimentally studied. The simulation are consistent with the experimental results. The damper is optimized by orthogonal optimization design test. Finally, it is concluded that the maximum output damping force of the stepped bypass magnetorheological damper is about 4500 N, and the adjustable coefficient K is about 5.4. After optimization, the damping force of the stepped bypass magnetorheological damper is increased by at least 5.3%, and the adjustable coefficient K is at least 1.37 times that before optimization, which is 13% wider than that before optimization.
“…The controllable motion characteristics of the MRD should be accurately modeled to efficiently and accurately use them [14][15][16][17][18]. In the development process, MRDs have been incorporated as numerous structures [19][20][21][22], leading to great differences in the theoretical mathematical modeling. In addition MRDs have hysteretic characteristics that are difficult to describe with theoretical equations [3].…”
Magnetorheological dampers (MRDs) are intelligent devices for semi-active control and are widely applied in vibration isolation. A high-fidelity modeling method is necessary to take full advantage of the controllable properties of MRDs. Therefore, a nested long short-term memory (NLSTM)-convolutional neural network-efficient channel attention (NLCE) modeling method based on a dual-flow neural network architecture is proposed herein. It uses the time, current, amplitude, frequency, displacement, and velocity as inputs and the damping force as the output. Extensive sinusoidal excitation experiments were conducted using a materials test system and two datasets (large and small sample numbers) were obtained. Five testing sets with different emphases were obtained from different experimental series. Four evaluation indexes were used for a quantitative comparison. First, after training with the large sample dataset, network ablation and comparison experiments were conducted based on a testing set-1. The mean absolute relative error (MARE) evaluation index decreased by 2.290% relative to that of the NLSTM (baseline), indicating that the NLCE method is optimal for predicting the motion characteristics of MRDs. Furthermore, after training with the small sample dataset, comparison experiments were conducted based on testing set-1 and testing set-2. The MAREs decreased by 3.984% and 0.871% relative to that of the NLSTM (baseline), respectively, indicating that the NLCE is also the best modelling method for small sample dataset. The visualization results from the above experiments verified the abilities of the NLCE modeling method for small sample-adaptation, fighting randomness, and identifying similarities. Finally, based on testing set-3, testing set-4 and testing set-5, the NLCE model trained with small sample datasets has high prediction accuracy in predicting the peak damping force (MAREs = 1.456%, 0.880%, and 1.482%, respectively), indicating a high prediction accuracy in the non-hysteretic region. Combining all of the experimental results shows that the NLCE is an effective method for predicting the motion characteristics of MRDs.
“…Many efforts have been dedicated toward designing complicated MR valves to enhance the fieldcontrollable dynamic force range of MR dampers while minimizing their response time, power consumption, size, and weight [22,23]. These studies are included but are not limited to advancing and optimizing electromagnet units (magnetic cores and coils) [24][25][26], designing MR valves with complex fluid flow paths and geometries [27], and developing innovative arrangements of MR valves and cylinder-piston systems [28,29].…”
Magnetorheological (MR) dampers with bypass arrangements and combined annular-radial fluid flow channels have shown superior performance compared with those conventional MR dampers with single annular/radial fluid flow gaps. Achieving a higher controllable dynamic force range with low off-state but high on-state damping force is yet a significant challenge for the development of MR dampers for high payload ground vehicle suspensions. This paper presents the conceptual design, fabrication, and experimental characterization of a mid-sized large-capacity MR damper equipped with a compact annular-radial MR fluid bypass valve. Extensive experimental tests were conducted to investigate the dynamic characteristics of the proposed MR damper considering wide ranges of excitation frequency, loading amplitude, and electrical current. The equivalent viscous damping together with the dynamic range were calculated as functions of loading conditions considered. The proposed damper initially realized the maximum dynamic range and damping force of 2.3 and 5.54 kN, respectively. Modification of the MR valve design permitted the maximum dynamic range and damping force to substantially increase to 5.06 and 6.61 kN, respectively. The effectiveness of the proposed MR damper was subsequently identified by comparing its dynamic range with other conventional MR dampers in previous studies. The results confirmed the superior performance of the proposed MR damper and its potential application for highly adaptive suspension systems for off-road wheeled and tracked vehicles.
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