“…Recently, optimization algorithms [ 8 , 9 ] and neural network techniques have been used to improve performance of electronic circuits, such as in [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ], which also have been used in the designing of the BPF [ 15 ] and coupler [ 16 ]. In [ 15 ], a narrow band BPF at 2.2 GHz is designed, with a hairpin structure. An artificial neural network (ANN) is used to optimized BPF, and in [ 16 ], an ANN model is used to find transfer function of the branch line coupler.…”