Design of Dual-Band Conformal Amc Integrated Antenna for Sar Reduction in Wban

Abstract

A wearable, miniaturized, dual-band, Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) integrated antenna operating on ISM band (2.38-2.47 GHz) and WLAN band (5.11-5.31 GHz) is proposed for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN). A dumbbell shaped unit-cell is designed to achieve zero reflection phase and modified material characteristics. When 2 × 2 array of dumbbell shaped AMC is put underneath the monopole, the antenna gain increases up to 9.5 dB and 8.1 dB at 2.43 GHz and 5.2 GHz, respectively. Different bending conditions have been considered to confirm the robustness of the AMC antenna. Debye model is used to approximate the dielectric properties within phantom tissue model. Antenna shields most of the backward radiation and reduces the specific absorption rate (SAR) of the integrated antenna by more than 95% in 1-g of phantom hand tissues at both the frequencies. The acquired results exhibit that the AMC antenna is more secure for on body applications.

Gain enhancement of a wideband rectangular ring monopole millimeter‐wave antenna using artificial magnetic conductor structure

“…Therefore, a distinct gap between the antenna and AMC reflector surface is required to attain a high gain and improved radiation performance. [15][16][17][18][19][20] A 3 Â 3 E-AMC inserted meandered monopole small antenna, 21 a 6 Â 9 fractal AMC-backed bow-tie antenna, 22 a 2 Â 2 slotted AMC integrated monopole antenna, 23 a 2 Â 2 dumbbell-shaped AMC integrated monopole antenna, 24 a 6 Â 6 AMC-backed crossed bowtie dipoles antenna, 25 a pair of the crossed-dipole antenna with 7 Â 7 AMC surface, 26 a band-notched dipole antenna array with AMC reflector, 27 a 5 Â 5 AMC-backed band-notched slot antenna array, 28 and a stacked antenna arrays with reactive loadings and 5 Â 5 AMC unit cells 29 were presented for below sub-6 GHz bands. For the mmWave and Ka-band applications, some diverse categories of antennas such as low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) patch antenna using 6 Â 6 AMC structures, 30,31 EBG antenna array over AMC, 32 AMC-backed slotted bowtie antenna, 33 and CPW antenna with EBG backing 34 are presented.…”

“…For the mmWave and Ka-band applications, some diverse categories of antennas such as low-temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) patch antenna using 6 Â 6 AMC structures, 30,31 EBG antenna array over AMC, 32 AMC-backed slotted bowtie antenna, 33 and CPW antenna with EBG backing 34 are presented. They [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] are limited to single-/ dual-bands, complex structures, narrow bandwidths, and multiple printed layers.…”

Novel reconfigurable monopole‐based matching circuitry design for 5G and modern wireless communication systems

“…The rapid developments of the concept of artificial materials led to several attractive microwave researches, 1 for example, metamaterial as artificial composite structure that engineered in precise shapes to give certain properties able to enhance the antenna performance 2 . Nevertheless, meta‐surfaces were introduced in various antenna structures as defected ground planes, 3 frequency selective surfaces, 4 and artificial magnetic conductors 5 . Most of these applications were applied to wearable textile WBAN applications, 6 size reduction, 7 antenna gain enhancement, 8 interference isolation, 9 and mutual coupling reduction 10 .…”

A Compact Tri-Band Flexible Mimo Antenna Based on Liquid Crystal Polymer for Wearable Applications

“…Moreover, the S-parameter (S 11 and S 21 ) is simulated and measured after the antenna is bent. The performance of the antenna in different positions of the human body is measured, and the SAR value is simulated by using HFSS when the antenna is on the human body model [21,22].…”