Design of antennas using artificial magnetic conductor layer to improve gain, flexibility, and specific absorption rate

Hazarika, Bidisha; Basu, Banani; Nandi, Arnab

doi:10.1002/mop.32531

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 14 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The suggested antenna has a higher gain than antennas (Ahmad et al 2021 ; Ashish and Rao 2021 ; Ashyap et al 2021 ; Azim et al 2021 ; Lai et al 2022 ; Shahzad et al 2021 ). Bandwidth-wise, the proposed antenna's first frequency range is superior to references (Ahmad et al 2021 ; Ashish and Rao 2021 ; Ashyap et al 2021 ; Hazarika et al 2020 ; Lai et al 2022 ; Shahzad et al 2021 ). The suggested antenna is slightly bigger than those in references (Ashish and Rao 2021 ; Ashyap et al 2021 ; Liu et al 2020 ), but it has superior bandwidth, gain, and SAR.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…The designed antenna measures 0.93 λ 0 × 0.93 λ 0 × 0.13 λ 0 size at a 3.5 GHz centre frequency. (Hazarika et al 2020 ) proposes an AMC integrated antenna with improved gain and reduced SAR that can operate in the ISM and Wi-Max bands. Out-of-phase radiation was modified to be directed in the direction of the main beam as part of the newly created 2 × 2 dumbbell AMC array and helped maximize gain while also reducing SAR.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

AMC-Based Low-Profile Dual-Band Slotted Patch Antenna for IoT Devices in the Healthcare System

Rajavel

Ghoshal

2022

Iran J Sci Technol Trans Electr Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

An artificial magnetic conductor (AMC)-based patch antenna with a low profile is developed for wireless devices in IoT-based healthcare systems. The proposed antenna comprises two pairs of circular-shaped patches with circular-shaped slots and a dual-band 4 × 4 array of AMC reflectors with two zero-degree reflection responses to enhance the antenna's radiation performance. For the 2.45 GHz ISM and 5.4 GHz WLAN bands, the patch antenna has dimensions of 0.44 λ 0 × 0.52 λ 0 × 0.013 λ 0 , with partial ground structures to improve radiation characteristics. Following that, a unique dual-band symmetrical AMC unit cell with dimensions of 22 × 22 × 1.6 mm 3 is developed. There is a gap of 15 mm between the antenna and the AMC surface. The antenna is supported by a 4 × 4 AMC array that has a total dimension of 0.72 λ 0 × 0.72 λ 0 × 0.15 λ 0 . The reflection coefficient values of less than − 10 dB in the 1.7–2.5 and 5.1–5.6 GHz bands, with a bandwidth percentage of 38 and 9.3%, respectively. The antenna's gains were 7.2 and 4 dBi inside the bands. Furthermore, the Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) value did not match the WHO's safety and health guidelines. The issue was solved by including an AMC surface in the proposed antenna. At 2.45 and 5.4 GHz, SAR values of 0.58 and 1.04 W/Kg were measured. Vector network analyser and anechoic chamber were used to test the performance of antenna and AMC surface prototypes. There is a substantial agreement among measured and simulated parameters of an antenna. Consequently, the developed antenna combination with the AMC structure is suited for wireless devices in ISM and WLAN bands, often used in IoT-based healthcare systems.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 76%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

AMC-Based Low-Profile Dual-Band Slotted Patch Antenna for IoT Devices in the Healthcare System

Rajavel

Ghoshal

2022

Iran J Sci Technol Trans Electr Eng

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Additionally, for maximum power transfer to the spiral resonator, the width c of the microstrip feedline (having a characteristic impedance Zo = 50 Ω) is calculated using Equation (5) as 1.96 mm, which is further optimized to 2.5 mm. 17,18 Thus, the optimized feed line dimensions are 2.5 Â 3.75 Â 0.035 mm 3 . A cantered circular slot of radius 8 mm has been etched from the ground plane, as shown in step 1 of Figure 2A.…”

Section: Evolution Steps For the Proposed Asmamentioning

confidence: 99%

In silico, in vitro, and in vivo validation of a microwave imaging system using a low‐profile Ultra Wide Band Archimedean spiral antenna to detect skin cancer

Kaur,

Kaur

2024

Int J Imaging Syst Tech

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Microwave imaging (MI) is a noninvasive and nonionizing procedure for detection of cancerous cells in healthy body tissues using radiofrequency (RF) and microwaves. The procedure involves the use of Ultra Wide Band (UWB) antennas for sensing purposes. Therefore, this research article presents the design, development, and testing of a low‐profile UWB Archimedean spiral microstrip‐patch antenna (ASMA) for detection of skin cancer using monostatic radar‐based microwave imaging. The proposed ASMA consists of a spiral resonator with a defective ground structure and a slotted microstrip feed line with dimensions of 38 × 38 × 0.87 mm3. The proposed antenna shows an impedance bandwidth for the frequency range of 2.2–13.9 GHz, with a peak gain of 6.8 dB at 7.8 GHz. In silico analysis of the proposed ASMA for MI is carried out with Gaustav model using Computer Simulation Technology Microwave Studio. To validate the performance of the ASMA as a sensor for MI, a prototype of the same is fabricated and a four‐layered bio‐phantom of the human forearm is prepared for in vitro and in vivo testing of the proposed procedure. The validation of ASMA radiation properties is done using a Vector Network Analyser (E‐5063A) (VNA) and an anechoic chamber with the fabricated antenna at 10 mm away from the prepared bio‐phantom. The recorded S parameter data with bio‐phantom and the VNA is processed using different beamforming algorithms like Delay and Sum and Coherent Factor‐Delay Multiply and Sum (CF‐DMAS) to reconstruct the image of the scanned area. The reconstructed images are 97%–98% accurate. The proposed ASMA sensor is also safe for human exposure as it has a specific absorption rate of 0.0546 W/Kg at 5 GHz that complies with the safety guidelines of the Federal Communications Commission to minimize potential health risks associated with exposure to RF and microwave radiation.

show abstract

“…The antenna comprises an L-shaped radiator, ground stub, and a rectangular strip on the opposing side and supports Wi-Fi 6E, 5G n77 and n78 frequency ranges. Two compact dual-band antennas have been proposed for WiMAX and Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) use [ 13 ]. As a result of AMC integration, the radiation properties of both antennas have been enhanced.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A compact triband antenna using artificial magnetic conductor for wireless body area network communicationsFront

Rajavel

Ghoshal

2023

Wireless Netw

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The proliferation of the Internet of Things devices and advancements in wireless communication have fostered the growth of Wireless Body Area Networks (WBAN). This research provides a triband antenna supported by a 4 × 4 Artificial Magnetic Conductor (AMC) array surface that has a low Specific Absorption Rate (SAR), a high Front to Back Ratio (FBR), and increased gain for use in wearable devices. For WBAN communications, the proposed antenna operates in the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (2.4 GHz) band, the C (3.7–4.2 GHz), and the Wi-Fi 6E (5.925–7.125 GHz) bands. The dual-band AMC unit cell exhibits Double-Negative and angular stability behaviour at 2.45 GHz and 6.5 GHz. AMC-backed antenna achieved multiband functionality by incorporating slots into the unit cell and a defective ground structure into the antenna. The antenna was positioned 0.139λ 0 above the AMC surface, which measured 0.556λ 0 × 0.556λ 0 × 0.013λ 0 (at 2.45 GHz). The antenna exhibited good gain and return loss variations when mounted on curved surfaces. The proposed integrated design yielded substantial enhancements, as evidenced by the increase of 8.2 dBi in maximum gain, 25.2 dB in FBR, and over 93% in total efficiency. The AMC-backed antenna’s − 10 dB impedance bandwidth is 18.4%, 21.2%, and 22.3%, with corresponding frequency ranges of 2.25–2.66 GHz, 3.66–4.53 GHz, and 5.9–7.35 GHz. Additionally, the AMC surface showed an average reduction in SAR of 93.22%. Vector Network Analyzer and Anechoic chamber measurements proved simulation accuracy. As a result, it is strongly recommended that the integrated antenna design be acknowledged in WBAN communications.

show abstract

Design of antennas using artificial magnetic conductor layer to improve gain, flexibility, and specific absorption rate

Cited by 9 publications

References 14 publications

AMC-Based Low-Profile Dual-Band Slotted Patch Antenna for IoT Devices in the Healthcare System

AMC-Based Low-Profile Dual-Band Slotted Patch Antenna for IoT Devices in the Healthcare System

In silico, in vitro, and in vivo validation of a microwave imaging system using a low‐profile Ultra Wide Band Archimedean spiral antenna to detect skin cancer

A compact triband antenna using artificial magnetic conductor for wireless body area network communicationsFront

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About