Design of a steady-state heat flux probe for measurements in an induction-heated plasma flow [wind tunnels]

Lumens, J.F.; Bottin, Benoit; Carbonaro, Mario

doi:10.1109/iciasf.1997.644760

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…31 At the Van Karman Institute of Fluid Dynamics in Bruxelles, Belgium, Lumens et al developed a probe again based on the IPM design, but with some adaptations concerning the location of the temperature measurement and the design of the water cooling circuit. 32,33 Finally, in a common effort driven by the European Space Agency (ESA), a new sensor design based on the IPM version but considering higher water cooling rates with higher water pressures was proposed which is nowadays in operation at most of the European institutions. 24 The use of Pt100 for the temperature measurement at well defined locations was included as well as the sophisticated inner tube geometry (see Fig.…”

Section: A Water Cooled Calorimetersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Heat Flux Measurements for High Enthalpy Flows

Löhle

2016

32nd AIAA Aerodynamic Measurement Technology and Ground Testing Conference

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This article reviews heat flux measurement devices for high enthalpy flows as used in plasma wind tunnel facilities. Only heat flux gages measuring heat flux on cold copper surfaces are considered. The steady state water-cooled calorimeter, the Gardon gage sensor, slug calorimetry and swept nullpoint calorimetry are described. Based on published data and sensor heritage the various designs in Europe and the US are reviewed and analyzed. The paper ends with some remarks on comparability testing in different facilities.

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Section: A Water Cooled Calorimetersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Heat Flux Measurements for High Enthalpy Flows

Löhle

2016

32nd AIAA Aerodynamic Measurement Technology and Ground Testing Conference

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“…As in [2,16], if the latter is less than or equal to 0.1, for the case of a thin circular plate, it is possible to suppose a constant temperature profile along (e) the thickness, because of the low axial thermal resistance value. Substituting suitable conductivity, thickness and convection coefficient values, the previous condition can be respected and, therefore, the analysis can be performed without considering axial conduction.…”

Section: The Skin Technique and Set-up Optimizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once the lamp has been calibrated as a heat flux source, it is possible to use it on the probe calibration, in this case a sensor employed in plasma ambient [16]. Obviously, conditioned by the heat flux uniformity, its frontal dimension is <15 mm.…”

Section: An Example Of the Heat Flux Sensor Calibrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

An innovative methodology in the characterization of the halogen lamp as a reference source for heat flux sensor calibration

Carbonaro

Marsili

Maggiorana

2002

Meas. Sci. Technol.

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In radiant heat flux probe calibration, the possibility of obtaining a known source is achieved by the employment of a cavity as similar as possible to a black body. That is, using common radiation laws, it is possible to monitor the produced heat flux from its temperature control and measurement. However, many drawbacks are present in traditional testing and calibration procedures. The employment of cavities with high production costs and non-flexible configurations presents some negative aspects. For this reason, it can be helpful to introduce the use of the halogen lamp in radiant heat flux sensor (HFS) calibration. Even if a more complex study is required just to characterize this type of source, it results in a cheaper and easier-to-use method in all laboratory testing benches when compared to common furnaces. Moreover, the high generation capability and efficiency represent very desirable properties. These aspects justify the initially more time consuming setting procedure. That is, a possible approach for defining lamp features in HFS calibration is proposed in this work. With this aim, a no-contact heat flux measurement is introduced, called the `skin technique'. Even if the latter points out the final result using the black body laws, the operating principle is different and permits one to experimentally characterize the lamp. Moreover, a theoretical discussion of the emission properties is also given, carrying out a method to optimize the number and dimensions of filaments of the lamp as a function of the needed heat flux uniformity. In this step no classical view factors are employed, but starting with Lambert's law, a proper view factor is defined for the set-up. Finally, a specific application is discussed for the calibration of a HFS used in a plasma jet.

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