Review of Heat Flux Measurements for High Enthalpy Flows

Löhle, Stefan

doi:10.2514/6.2016-3205

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…The conditions necessary to obtain these trajectory points were determined by matching the heat flux and total pressure from flight to ground. The tunnel conditions are characterized using a flat faced 50 mm diameter axisymmetric total pressure and heat flux probe [16] machined from copper. The measured conditions are scaled to the aluminum flat bar samples using local heat transfer simulation scaling [17] and correcting for the difference in catalycity [18]:…”

Section: A Pwk Flow Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral Features for Re-entry Break-up Event Identification

Leiser¹,

Löhle²,

Fasoulas³

2022

Preprint

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The fragmentation of two aerospace aluminum alloys is investigated in a ground testing facility including mechanical loads as occurring due to aerodynamic forces in a real atmospheric entry event at three trajectory points. The emission spectroscopic analysis shows that these materials fail after distinct alkali metal features are observed in the spectra. The two alloys feature characteristic emissions of the different alkali metals. The presence of lithium lines that have previously been exclusively attributed to battery failure in observation campaigns may be considered as a marker for aluminum breakup. This is particularly interesting for future entry observations because it allows a new insight into the structural failure processes of the demising spacecraft. The lack of emission of alloying elements points to these spectra being a candidate for the determination of spacecraft demise. The identification of such features in ground testing will allow a more certain identification of specific break-up events.

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Section: A Pwk Flow Conditionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spectral Features for Re-entry Break-up Event Identification

Leiser¹,

Löhle²,

Fasoulas³

2022

Preprint

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“…In Europe, this geometry is a standard probe geometry which was established by ESA during the European Hermes project [15]. Various heat flux measurement methods have been developed and applied worldwide over the years [32]. All heat fluxes presented throughout this paper have been measured using a water-cooled calorimeter to determine the copper cold wall heat flux.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of high enthalpy flow conditions for re-entry aerothermodynamics in the plasma wind tunnel facilities at IRS

Loehle¹,

Zander

Eberhart³

et al. 2021

CEAS Space J

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This article presents the full operational experimental capabilities of the plasma wind tunnel facilities at the Institute of Space Systems at the University of Stuttgart. The simulation of the aerothermodynamic environment experienced by vehicles entering the atmosphere of Earth is attempted using three different facilities. Utilizing the three different facilities, the recent improvements enable a unique range of flow conditions in relation to other known facilities. Recent performance optimisations are highlighted in this article. Based on the experimental conditions demonstrated a corresponding flight scenario is derived using a ground-to-flight extrapolation approach based on local mass-specific enthalpy, total pressure and boundary layer edge velocity gradient. This shows that the three facilities cover the challenging parts of the aerothermodynamics along the entry trajectory from Low Earth Orbit. Furthermore, the more challenging conditions arising during interplanetary return at altitudes above 70 km are as well covered.

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The use of cooled axial conduction guarded probe for the measurement of transient heat flux by calibrating the unit step response

Zhuo

Meng

2020

International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer

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Review of Heat Flux Measurements for High Enthalpy Flows

Cited by 11 publications

References 45 publications

Spectral Features for Re-entry Break-up Event Identification

Spectral Features for Re-entry Break-up Event Identification

Assessment of high enthalpy flow conditions for re-entry aerothermodynamics in the plasma wind tunnel facilities at IRS

The use of cooled axial conduction guarded probe for the measurement of transient heat flux by calibrating the unit step response

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