Design of a roll crusher for sunflower stems and substantiation of the rational modes of its operation

Abstract

This paper reports a study of the technological process of grinding plant residues of sunflower and the causal relationships of factors that form the system of quality indicators. The necessary prerequisites for determining rational modes and parameters of the roll crusher have been devised. A prototype of the roll crusher was designed and fabricated, in which the cutting knives are arranged along the entire width of the grip in a staggered manner, with the possibility to change the angle of inclination to the axis of drum rotation in the range of 5...20°. It was established that in the case of the right-side arrangement of the cutting edge of knives, the highest total level of the percentage of crushed stems in the range of 101‒150 mm with an additional load weighing 800 kg exceeded by 1.58 times the corresponding indicators of the roll with an additional load of 600 kg. The largest overall value of the percentage of crushed stems in the range of 0‒200 mm when additionally loading the roll with 800 kg was 1.13 times higher than the corresponding indicators of the roll with an additional load of 600 kg. In the range of 0‒200 mm, with an additional load on the roll of 600 kg, at the left-side arrangement of the cutting edge of the knives of the roll, higher total percentage of crushed stems was observed compared to the right-side arrangement. At a speed of 7.45 km/h, 13.6 km/h, the cumulative value of the percentage of crushed stems exceeded the corresponding indicators at the right-side arrangement of knives by 1.09 times, at the speed of 18.6 km/h – by 1.04 times, at the speed of 22 km/h – by 1.04 times, respectively. It has been noted that at the left-side arrangement of the cutting edge of the knives of the roll, the percentage of crushed stems in the range of 51‒100 mm, with an additional load of 600 kg, exceeded the corresponding indicators with an additional load of 800 kg. At the speed of 10.08 km/h, it was exceeded by 1.9 times; at the speed of 13.6 km/h – by 1.44 times; at the speed of 18.6 km/h – by 1.96 times; at the speed of 22 km/h – by 1.99 times, respectively

Determining the effect of the direction of installing the cutting edges of shredder roller blades on process parameters

“…A detailed description of the designed and manufactured shredder roller, as well as experimental studies of its crushing of plant stalks of sunflower and corn, are given in [11]. Below are some general conclusions from them.…”

“…This study is a logical continuation of previously conducted systematic studies, which relate to the determination of the influence of the location of the cutting edge of the blade on the indicators of the quality and efficiency of the technological operation -the technological process of grinding vegetable residues of sunflower [11], corn [12], and the cause-and-effect relationships of factors, which determine the system of formation of quality indicators.…”

“…In stems of such a length, the corn butterfly pest is unable to exist. That is, the more corn stalks less than 50 mm in length, the smaller the losses from the pest, and, accordingly, the greater the efficiency of crop cultivation [11].…”

“…Experimental studies were carried out using the designed and manufactured experimental sample of the shredder roller, in which the cutting knives are placed across the width of the gripper in a staggered order with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination to the axis of rotation of the drum [11]. The structural diagrams of the designed shredder roller with various options for installing knives, as well as the results of experimental studies into the quality of grinding parts of stems of coarse-stemmed crops (sunflower and corn) are described in detail in [11][12][13].…”

Аналіз Роботи Ножів Котка-Подрібнювача За Умови Його Кочення По Ґрунту

“…У дослідженнях [10][11][12] відмічено, що повернення та глибоке закопування сільськогосподарської соломи у ґрунт є ефективним способом використання та переробки ресурсу соломи, зменшення забруднення та підвищення родючості ґрунту. Автори статті [13][14] розробили комбінований агрегат для глибокого боронування, подрібнення стерні, перевертання та закопування подрібненої соломи.…”