Design of a Dma-Based Size Spectrometer for a Large Particle Size Range and Stable Operation

Birmili, W.; Stratmann, Frank; Wiedensohler, A.

doi:10.1016/s0021-8502(98)00047-0

Cited by 245 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

160

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…[7] Ground-based particle number size distributions, measured with a twin differential mobility particle sizer (TDMPS) [Birmili et al, 1999], complemented the airborne measurements. The TDMPS was operated at the same site where the balloon was launched.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First observations of increased ultrafine particle number concentrations near the inversion of a continental planetary boundary layer and its relation to ground‐based measurements

Siebert

Stratmann

Wehner

2004

Geophysical Research Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

[1] Results of the first balloon-borne profile measurements of particle number concentrations, together with fine-scale measurements of temperature and water vapor density under cloudless conditions are reported. The profiles showed regions near the inversion of a continental planetary boundary layer with high particle number concentrations of up to 600 cm À3 in the size range from 5 to 10 nm. These high concentrations of ultrafine particles correlated well with high fluctuations of the temperature and humidity caused by plumes penetrating the inversion. Such penetration caused intensive mixing, which in turn apparently significantly increased the nucleation rate. The observed particle number concentrations near the inversion layer were significantly higher than that in the mixed layer and at ground level. This corroborates the hypothesis that particles are formed near this inversion.

show abstract

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

First observations of increased ultrafine particle number concentrations near the inversion of a continental planetary boundary layer and its relation to ground‐based measurements

Siebert

Stratmann

Wehner

2004

Geophysical Research Letters

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The aerosol particles were dried and flushed into a stainless steel chamber of 1 m 3 , which was kept at ambient pressure. From this chamber, samples were taken in parallel by the TRANC-CLD system and a twin differential mobility particle sizer (TDMPS, Birmili et al, 1999), consisting of a differential mobility analyser combined with a condensational particle counter (UCPC3025 and CPC3010, TSI, St. Paul, USA). The recorded particle size and number distribution were used in combination with the known salt solid state densities to derive salt mixing ratios and consequently particle-bound N r mixing ratios in the chamber air.…”

Section: Aerosol Particle Conversion Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TRANC – a novel fast-response converter to measure total reactive atmospheric nitrogen

Marx¹,

Brümmer

Ammann

et al. 2012

Atmos. Meas. Tech.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract. The input and loss of plant available nitrogen (reactive nitrogen: N r ) from/to the atmosphere can be an important factor for the productivity of ecosystems and thus for its carbon and greenhouse gas exchange. We present a novel converter for reactive nitrogen (TRANC: Total Reactive Atmospheric Nitrogen Converter), which offers the opportunity to quantify the sum of all airborne reactive nitrogen compounds ( N r ) in high time resolution. The basic concept of the TRANC is the full conversion of all N r to nitrogen monoxide (NO) within two reaction steps. Initially, reduced N r compounds are being oxidised, and oxidised N r compounds are thermally converted to lower oxidation states. Particulate N r is being sublimated and oxidised or reduced afterwards. In a second step, remaining higher nitrogen oxides or those generated in the first step are catalytically converted to NO with carbon monoxide used as reduction gas. The converter is combined with a fast response chemiluminescence detector (CLD) for NO analysis and its performance was tested for the most relevant gaseous and particulate N r species under both laboratory and field conditions. Recovery rates during laboratory tests for NH 3 and NO 2 were found to be 95 and 99 %, respectively, and 97 % when the two gases were combined. In-field longterm stability over an 11-month period was approved by a value of 91 % for NO 2 . Effective conversion was also found for ammonium and nitrate containing particles. The recovery rate of total ambient N r was tested against the sum of individual measurements of NH 3 , HNO 3 , HONO, NH + 4 , NO − 3 , and NO x using a combination of different well-established devices. The results show that the TRANC-CLD system precisely captures fluctuations in N r concentrations and also matches the sum of all individual N r compounds measured by the different single techniques. The TRANC features a specific design with very short distance between the sample air inlet and the place where the thermal and catalytic conversions to NO occur. This assures a short residence time of the sample air inside the instrument, and minimises wall sorption problems of water soluble compounds. The fast response time (e-folding times of 0.30 to 0.35 s were found during concentration step changes) and high accuracy in capturing the dominant N r species enables the converter to be used in an eddy covariance setup. Although a source attribution of specific N r compounds is not possible, the TRANC is a new reliable tool for permanent measurements of the net N r flux between ecosystem and atmosphere at a relatively low maintenance and reasonable cost level allowing for diurnal, seasonal and annual investigations.

show abstract

“…The aerosol flow rate uncertainty, u m−SMPS,i (θ ), was evaluated on the basis of CPC specifications (TSI Inc. 2006), Birmili et al (1999) and Fletcher et al (2009). The counting statistical uncertainty, u m−SMPS,i (c i ), was modeled through the Poisson distribution obtaining a relative uncertainty equal to 1/ c i as reported in Bevington and Robinson (1992).…”

Section: Pm Uncertainty Budget Using Smpsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncertainty Budget of the SMPS–APS System in the Measurement of PM₁, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀

Buonanno

Dell’Isola

Stabile

et al. 2009

Aerosol Science and Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The effects of particulate matter on environment and public health have been widely studied in recent years. In spite of the presence of numerous studies about this topic there is no agreement on the relative importance of the particles' size and origin with respect to health effects among researchers. Nevertheless, air quality standards are moving, as the epidemiological attention, towards greater focus on the smaller particles. The most reliable method used in measuring particulate matter (PM) is the gravimetric method since it directly measures PM concentration, guaranteeing an effective traceability to international standards. This technique, however, neglects the possibility to correlate short term intraday atmospheric parameter variations that can influence ambient particle concentration and size distribution as well as human activity patterns. Besides, a continuous method to determine PM concentrations through the measurement of the number size distribution is the system constituted by a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer (SMPS) and an Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS). In this article, the evaluation of the uncertainty budget in measuring PM through the SMPS-APS system, as well as a metrological comparison with the gravimetric reference method in order to analyze the compatibility, was carried out and applied with reference to an experimental campaign developed in a rural site. This choice allowed to assume the hypothesis of spherical particle morphology. The average PM 10 , PM 2.5 , and PM 1 uncertainties obtained for the SMPS-APS system are equal to 27%, 29%, and 31%, respectively. Here the principle influence parameter is the particle density that has to be directly measured with low uncertainty in order to reduce the PM uncertainty.

show abstract

Design of a Dma-Based Size Spectrometer for a Large Particle Size Range and Stable Operation

Cited by 245 publications

References 0 publications

First observations of increased ultrafine particle number concentrations near the inversion of a continental planetary boundary layer and its relation to ground‐based measurements

First observations of increased ultrafine particle number concentrations near the inversion of a continental planetary boundary layer and its relation to ground‐based measurements

TRANC – a novel fast-response converter to measure total reactive atmospheric nitrogen

Uncertainty Budget of the SMPS–APS System in the Measurement of PM₁, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Design of a Dma-Based Size Spectrometer for a Large Particle Size Range and Stable Operation

Cited by 245 publications

References 0 publications

First observations of increased ultrafine particle number concentrations near the inversion of a continental planetary boundary layer and its relation to ground‐based measurements

First observations of increased ultrafine particle number concentrations near the inversion of a continental planetary boundary layer and its relation to ground‐based measurements

TRANC – a novel fast-response converter to measure total reactive atmospheric nitrogen

Uncertainty Budget of the SMPS–APS System in the Measurement of PM1, PM2.5, and PM10

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Uncertainty Budget of the SMPS–APS System in the Measurement of PM₁, PM_2.5, and PM₁₀