Design of a Customized Multipurpose Nano-Enabled Implantable System for In-Vivo Theranostics

Abstract

The first part of this paper reviews the current development and key issues on implantable multi-sensor devices for in vivo theranostics. Afterwards, the authors propose an innovative biomedical multisensory system for in vivo biomarker monitoring that could be suitable for customized theranostics applications. At this point, findings suggest that cross-cutting Key Enabling Technologies (KETs) could improve the overall performance of the system given that the convergence of technologies in nanotechnology, biotechnology, micro&nanoelectronics and advanced materials permit the development of new medical devices of small dimensions, using biocompatible materials, and embedding reliable and targeted biosensors, high speed data communication, and even energy autonomy. Therefore, this article deals with new research and market challenges of implantable sensor devices, from the point of view of the pervasive system, and time-to-market. The remote clinical monitoring approach introduced in this paper could be based on an array of biosensors to extract information from the patient. A key contribution of the authors is that the general architecture introduced in this paper would require minor modifications for the final customized bio-implantable medical device.

Wearable, Epidermal, and Implantable Sensors for Medical Applications

“…A recent review in WIREs Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology, discusses present and prospective implantable sensors incorporating nanostructured carbon allotropes. Recent progress in nanobiosensors offers technological solutions in the field of glucose monitoring, pregnancy and DNA testing, as well as microRNA detection [109].…”

An Instantaneous Low-Cost Point-of-Care Anemia Detection Device

“…Therefore, devices must be versatile to allow automation at a competitive cost [ 34 ]. Additionally, to ensure success in the development, innovation and technology transfer, it is necessary to foster a particular scenario typified by the convergence of technologies and disciplines [ 35 ]. In this context, one of the main characteristics of the proposed device is its multidisciplinarity: in an effort to integrate knowledge from various dimensions, main actors and activities.…”

“…In biomedical research, there is a great need for multipurpose and reliable telemetric tools. By using sensor inputs, such devices allow the automated gathering of information on physiological parameters minimizing adverse effects for the patients [ 35 ]. In this context the proposed device could improve the diagnosis especially in countries where clinics are often many miles away from villages, where there is absence of laboratory facilities and trained staff, or there are hostile environmental conditions [ 15 ].…”

Corrosion Protection of Al/Au/ZnO Anode for Hybrid Cell Application

“…This further leads to the reduction of health care costs of the overall population. These implantable bioelectronics range from organ and neuro-stimulators [ 3 ] and regeneration devices [ 4 ], pacemakers [ 5 , 6 , 7 ], drug delivery devices [ 8 , 9 ], sensors [ 10 , 11 , 12 ], and activation circuits that monitor orthopedic implants [ 13 ]. These implantable devices could someday be powered by implantable power sources.…”