Design of a broadband dispersion compensated ultra-high nonlinear photonic crystal fiber

Abstract

A photonic crystal fiber (PCF) with four circular rings of air holes expanded toward the cladding region is proposed. Four circular tiny air hole rings have been used between the air holes in a regular circular PCF to achieve low dispersion (D) and confinement loss (CL).Additionally, the core region is perforated with a rectangular-shaped hole filled with an extremely nonlinear material, gallium phosphide (GaP), to achieve the desired level of nonlinearity. We achieved extremely high nonlinearity and birefringence values of 4.6104 W -1 km -1 and 0.078 at the 1.55µm telecommunication window by doing so. Further, we observed the structure with varying pitch (Ʌ) values and found a significant reduction in dispersion and confinement loss, as well as a decrease in effective material loss (EML). Thus, at 1.55 µm, an ultra-high negative dispersion of -8000 ps/nm.km is achieved, particularly with Ʌ=1.8µm, along with extremely low confinement and material losses of 10 -9 dB/km and 0.017 cm -1 , respectively. Similarly, other critical parameters such as the power fraction, numerical aperture, and effective area have been examined. Hence, owing to these enhanced optical properties, the proposed PCF is capable of effectively compensating for dispersion, generating supercontinuum, and maintaining polarization.

Circular lattice benzene-core PCFs with flat near-zero dispersion for low-power broad-spectrum supercontinuum generation

“…Lanh et al [27] showed that PCFs containing C 6 H 5 NO 2 cores in circular matrices have lower attenuation and higher nonlinearity compared to square and hexagonal lattices, which have potential applications in SC spectrum generation. A number of research papers on the use of circular PCFs have been published in recent years [32,[34][35][36]. Pandey et al [35] initially proposed a circular PCF with three rectangular holes in the core region filled with GaP and found that the negative dispersion and nonlinearity of this PCF are very high.…”

“…Pandey et al [35] initially proposed a circular PCF with three rectangular holes in the core region filled with GaP and found that the negative dispersion and nonlinearity of this PCF are very high. They further extended the four rings of air holes toward the cladding area interwoven by four tiny air hole rings to acquire low dispersion and confinement loss [36]. As a result of these enhanced optical features, the designed PCFs are capable of effective dispersion compensation, polarization-maintaining, and SCG.…”

Emerging Trends, Applications, and Fabrication Techniques in Photonic Crystal Technology

“…Fabrication techniques have also improved, enabling the production of larger and more complex structures with greater accuracy. Photonic crystals are being integrated with other technologies, including microfluidics, optoelectronics, and sensors, to create more advanced devices with multiple functionalities [3,4].…”