Design methodology using inversion coefficient for low-voltage low-power CMOS voltage reference

Effect of Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) on the DC Shift, Harmonic and Intermodulation Performance of Diode-Connected NMOSFET

“…For the 0.18 lm CMOS technology the calculated values of I 0 is in between 0.587 and 0.64 lA [10] and [11]. The inversion coefficient (IC) is less than 0.1 for weak inversion, greater than 10 for strong inversion and in between 0.1 and 1 for moderate inversion [9].…”

“…The inversion coefficient (IC), given by Eq. 2, gives a very useful way for identifying the operating region of the NMOSFET [9][10][11].…”

Analysis of Total Ionizing Dose Effects on 0.13µm Technology-Temperature-Compensated Voltage References

“…This topology of reference generates V REF that is equal to the threshold of a transistor extrapolated to absolute zero Kelvin (Colombo et al, 2011). The thresholdbased voltage reference has gained increasing importance recently because of its ability to operate under low supply voltages (e.g., less than 1 V).…”

A Conversion of Empirical MOS Transistor Model Extracted From 180 nm Technology To EKV3.0 Model Using MATLAB

“…In such circuits the moderate-inversion region is often applied as it allows a good compromise between speed and power consumption [5][16] [17]. The g m /I D sizing methodology was first introduced in [18].…”