Design guidelines for chalcogenide-based flexible thermoelectric materials

Wang, Yifan; Lin, Peipei; Lou, Qing; Zhang, Zhongchi; Huang, Shan; Lu, Yao; He, Jiaqing

doi:10.1039/d0ma01018a

Cited by 21 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…On the one hand, the thriving implantable and wearable electronics call for flexible thermoelectric materials and devices to serve as maintenancefree, long-life power generators. [149][150][151] On the other hand, shape-conformable thermoelectric materials are needed to recover heat from curved hot surfaces such as oil pipelines and exhaust pipes. By virtue of the high RT performance, Ag 2 Sebased composite films have been widely studied as a potential candidate for flexible thermoelectric generators.…”

Section: Ag 2 Q-based Flexible or Hetero-shaped Thermoelectric Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ag₂Q‐Based (Q = S, Se, Te) Silver Chalcogenide Thermoelectric Materials

et al. 2022

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should have a high electrical conductivity (σ), a high Seebeck coefficient (S), and a low thermal conductivity (κ). [6][7][8][9] Cu 2 Q-and Ag 2 Q-based (Q = S, Se, Te) chalcogenides are exemplified with partially decoupled electrical and thermal transports. Over the past decade, Cu 2 Q materials have been widely investigated, showcasing remarkable zT values (around 2.0) at high temperatures. [10][11][12][13][14] As the homologous compounds sharing some common features, Ag 2 Q-based silver chalcogenides have arisen as a new spotlight in thermoelectrics (Figure 1) in recent years. Notably, the high zT values near unity of Ag 2 Se [15][16][17] make it a potential candidate for room-temperature thermoelectric application. In fact, Ag 2 Q compounds are "old" materials whose discovery can be traced back to the 19th century. [18][19][20] Their thermoelectric properties were first reported in the 1940s-1960s during which decent performance of Ag 2 Se and Ag 2 Te was unveiled. [21][22][23][24][25][26] After that, the study on Ag 2 Q had faded out over decades accompanying the low ebb of thermoelectric research. [27,28] Upon the turn of the century, especially over the last 10 years, the revival has come for thermoelectrics, bringing about great progress in transport theories, [29][30][31][32][33] advanced synthesis, [34][35][36][37] and characterization techniques, [38][39][40] and even the research paradigm. [41][42][43] All these progresses have boosted zT from 1 to 2 in not a few new or old thermoelectric materials. [44][45][46][47][48] In the same period, the booming of flexible/wearable electronics necessitates thermoelectric materials having both high performance and deformability at room temperature. [49][50][51][52] All these factors inspire people to revisit Ag 2 Q-based materials.Ag 2 Q-based materials exhibit a low lattice thermal conductivity originating from the large disorder or even liquid-like behavior of Ag ions. [53][54][55][56] They tend to show n-type conduction with a high electron mobility. [15,57,58] Apart from the thermoelectric properties, an exceptional room-temperature plasticity has been found in Ag 2 S-based materials (Figure 1), [59] which is quite rare and valuable for inorganic semiconductors. [60] Beyond the binary compounds, several ternary and even quaternary Ag 2 (S, Se, Te) alloys have been developed, exhibiting both high zT values and excellent plastic deformability. [54,[61][62][63] In addition, CuAgQ materials, the intermediate compounds between Ag 2 Q and Cu 2 Q, have also received wide attention as promising thermoelectric materials. [64][65][66][67] Considering the new, intriguing scientific issues and great application prospects of Ag 2 Q-based silver chalcogenide thermoelectric materials, here in this review, we try to provide the Thermoelectric technology provides a promising solution to sustainable energy utilization and scalable power supply. Recently, Ag 2 Q-based (Q = S, Se, Te) silver chalcogenides have come forth as potential thermoelectric materials that are endowed wi...

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Section: Ag 2 Q-based Flexible or Hetero-shaped Thermoelectric Devicesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ag₂Q‐Based (Q = S, Se, Te) Silver Chalcogenide Thermoelectric Materials

et al. 2022

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“…While α-Ag 2 Te phase is a superionic conductor, its β-phase is a narrow-band gap (∼0.05 eV) semiconductor with high carrier mobility and low κ l due to the Ag-atoms-induced disordered structure in the Ag 2 Te lattice, 20 making it a suitable TE material. 15,16,21 Although its low effective mass (∼10 −2 of free electron mass) 16 favors the small S, high mobility makes both σ and κ e large. As a result, ZT of ∼0.27 at 370 K 22 and ∼0.29 at 550 K 23 for bulk Ag 2 Te along with several attempts to improve upon its TE properties via nanostructuring, alloying and/or doping 20,23−29 has been reported so far.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Silver telluride (Ag 2 Te) is an interesting and attractive nonmagnetic topological insulator at ambient conditions , with many intriguing properties such as the structural phase transition from the low-temperature monoclinic phase β-Ag 2 Te to high-temperature face-centered cubic (fcc) phase α-Ag 2 Te near 417 K, , pressure-induced charge density wave (CDW) phase, and structural , and electronic topological phase transitions. While α-Ag 2 Te phase is a superionic conductor, its β-phase is a narrow-band gap (∼0.05 eV) semiconductor with high carrier mobility and low κ l due to the Ag-atoms-induced disordered structure in the Ag 2 Te lattice, making it a suitable TE material. ,, Although its low effective mass (∼10 –2 of free electron mass) favors the small S , high mobility makes both σ and κ e large. As a result, ZT of ∼0.27 at 370 K and ∼0.29 at 550 K for bulk Ag 2 Te along with several attempts to improve upon its TE properties via nanostructuring, alloying and/or doping ,− has been reported so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of Nanostructured Nickel-Doped Ag₂Te

Sharma

Verma

Bhatt

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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We report on the thermoelectric (TE) properties of nickel-doped Ag 2−x Ni x Te (x = 0, 0.015, 0.025 & 0.055, 0.115, 0.155) nanostructures (NSs) in the temperature (T) range of 5−575 K. The electrical resistivity (ρ) of Ag 2 Te nanostructure shows metallic behavior in 5−300 K initially that evolves into two metal to insulator transitions at low-and mid-temperature regimes with increasing x due to Mott-variable range hopping (VRH) and Arrhenius transports, respectively. Their Seebeck coefficient varies nearly in a linear fashion in this temperature range, showing metallic or doped degenerate semiconducting behavior. Notably, this behavior of Seebeck coefficient (S ∝ T) is in contrast to Mott-VRH conduction (S ∝ T 1/2 ) as observed in ρ. The steady increase in ρ and S with the sharp decrease in thermal conductivity between 410 and 425 K associated with the structural phase transition accomplishes a maximum TE figure of merit (ZT) of 0.86 ± 0.1 near 480 K in x = 0.155. This is ∼83% more compared to that of bulk Ag 2 Te and shows a significant improvement over the best value reported for Ag 2 Te NSs thus far. This study, therefore, shows that simultaneous nanocomposite formation, doping, and nanostructuring could be an effective strategy for tuning the electron and phonon transports to improve the TE properties of a material.

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“…The human body releases approximately 60–180 W of heat, depending on body activity; hence, if efficient wearable thermoelectric devices could convert just a tiny fraction of this energy (less than 0.1%) into electrical power, then, enough power would be produced to supply wearable devices (e.g., health sensors, wearables, etc. ). , A number of thermoelectric materials (i.e., inorganic, organic, and composite materials of organic and inorganic materials) have been developed and used in proof-of-concept thermoelectric devices. − So far, devices that are based on inorganic thermoelectric materials, mainly alloys of bismuth telluride, exhibited the highest power output. , Wearable thermoelectric devices, however, need to be lightweight, conformable, and breathable to find practical applications; hence, inorganic thermoelectric materials are not ideal (especially if the devices need to cover large areas of the body) because of their increased weight, and limited breathability and conformability. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3−8 So far, devices that are based on inorganic thermoelectric materials, mainly alloys of bismuth telluride, exhibited the highest power output. 9,10 Wearable thermoelectric devices, however, need to be lightweight, conformable, and breathable to find practical applications; hence, inorganic thermoelectric materials are not ideal (especially if the devices need to cover large areas of the body) because of their increased weight, and limited breathability and conformability. 11,12 Organic thermoelectrics (i.e., conducting polymers) are nontoxic, lightweight, and conformable, so they would be ideal for wearable applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wearable Thermoelectric Devices Based on Three-Dimensional PEDOT:Tosylate/CuI Paper Composites

Maji

Rousti

Kazi

et al. 2021

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Thermoelectric composites of organic and inorganic materials exhibit significantly enhanced thermoelectric properties compared with pristine organic thermoelectrics so they might be better suited as core materials of wearable thermoelectric devices. This study describes the development of three-dimensional (3D) paper PEDOT:tosylate/CuI composites that could be shaped as 3 mm thick blocks to convert a temperature difference between their bottom and top sides into power; the majority of organic thermoelectric materials are shaped as thin strips usually on a planar substrate and convert a temperature difference between the opposite edges of the strips into power. The 3D paper PEDOT:tosylate/CuI composites can produce a power density equal to 4.8 nW/cm2 (ΔΤ = 6 Κ) that is 10 times higher than that of the pristine paper PEDOT:Tos composites. The enhanced thermoelectric properties of the paper PEDOT:tosylate/CuI composites are attributed to the CuI nanocrystals entrapped inside the composite that increases the Seebeck coefficient of the composite to 225 μV K–1; the Seebeck coefficient of paper PEDOT:Tos is 65 μV K–1. A proof-of-concept wearable thermoelectric device that uses 36 blocks of the paper PEDOT:tosylate/CuI composites (as p-type elements) and 36 wires of monel (as n-type elements) can produce up to 4.7 μW of power at ΔΤ = 20 K. The device has a footprint of 64 cm2 and can be placed directly over the skin or can be embedded into clothing.

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Design guidelines for chalcogenide-based flexible thermoelectric materials

Abstract: The power source of rapidly developed flexible and wearable intelligent electronic devices should be stable and have a long working period. Flexible thermoelectric (TE) generators (TEGs) can continuously power the...

Cited by 21 publications

References 94 publications

Ag₂Q‐Based (Q = S, Se, Te) Silver Chalcogenide Thermoelectric Materials

Ag₂Q‐Based (Q = S, Se, Te) Silver Chalcogenide Thermoelectric Materials

Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of Nanostructured Nickel-Doped Ag₂Te

Wearable Thermoelectric Devices Based on Three-Dimensional PEDOT:Tosylate/CuI Paper Composites

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Design guidelines for chalcogenide-based flexible thermoelectric materials

Abstract: The power source of rapidly developed flexible and wearable intelligent electronic devices should be stable and have a long working period. Flexible thermoelectric (TE) generators (TEGs) can continuously power the...

Cited by 21 publications

References 94 publications

Ag2Q‐Based (Q = S, Se, Te) Silver Chalcogenide Thermoelectric Materials

Ag2Q‐Based (Q = S, Se, Te) Silver Chalcogenide Thermoelectric Materials

Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of Nanostructured Nickel-Doped Ag2Te

Wearable Thermoelectric Devices Based on Three-Dimensional PEDOT:Tosylate/CuI Paper Composites

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Ag₂Q‐Based (Q = S, Se, Te) Silver Chalcogenide Thermoelectric Materials

Ag₂Q‐Based (Q = S, Se, Te) Silver Chalcogenide Thermoelectric Materials

Enhanced Thermoelectric Performance of Nanostructured Nickel-Doped Ag₂Te