Design Challenges of Multi-UAV Systems in Cyber-Physical Applications: A Comprehensive Survey, and Future Directions

Shakeri, Reza; Al-Garadi, Mohammed Ali; Badawy, Ahmed; Mohamed, Amr; Khattab, Tamer; Al-Ali, Abdulla; Harras, Khaled A.; Guizani, Mohsen

doi:10.48550/arxiv.1810.09729

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Prior work [29] gives a survey on UAV-aided civil applications, while the survey paper [30] discusses other applications of UAVs and some promising technologies for them. In [31], the UAV-enabled IoT services are overviewed with a particular focus on data collection, delivery, and processing, while in [32] the challenges in designing and implementing multi-UAV networks for a wide range of cyberphysical applications are reviewed. The recent works [33] and [34] provide contemporary surveys of UAV applications in cellular networks, focusing on academic literatures and industry activities, respectively.…”

Section: E Prior Work and Our Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accessing From the Sky: A Tutorial on UAV Communications for 5G and Beyond

2019

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Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have found numerous applications and are expected to bring fertile business opportunities in the next decade. Among various enabling technologies for UAVs, wireless communication is essential and has drawn significantly growing attention in recent years. Compared to the conventional terrestrial communications, UAVs' communications face new challenges due to their high altitude above the ground and great flexibility of movement in the threedimensional (3D) space. Several critical issues arise, including the line-of-sight (LoS) dominant UAV-ground channels and resultant strong aerial-terrestrial network interference, the distinct communication quality of service (QoS) requirements for UAV control messages versus payload data, the stringent constraints imposed by the size, weight and power (SWAP) limitations of UAVs, as well as the exploitation of the new design degree of freedom (DoF) brought by the highly controllable 3D UAV mobility. In this paper, we give a tutorial overview of the recent advances in UAV communications to address the above issues, with an emphasis on how to integrate UAVs into the forthcoming fifth-generation (5G) and future cellular networks. In particular, we partition our discussions into two promising research and application frameworks of UAV communications, namely UAVassisted wireless communications and cellular-connected UAVs, where UAVs serve as aerial communication platforms and users, respectively. Furthermore, we point out promising directions for future research and investigation. KeywordsUnmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), wireless communication, cellular network, channel model, antenna model, energy efficiency, air-ground interference, 3D placement and trajectory, optimization. TechnologyDescription Advantages Disadvantages Direct linkDirect point-to-point communication with ground node Simple, low cost Limited range, low data rate, vulnerable to interference, non-scalable Satellite Communication and Internet access via satellite Global coverage Costly, heavy/bulky/energyconsuming communication equipment, high latency, large signal attenuation Ad-hoc network Dynamically self-organizing and infrastructure-free network Robust and adaptable, support for high mobility Costly, low spectrum efficiency, intermittent connectivity, complex routing protocol Cellular network Enabling UAV communications by using cellular infrastructure and technologies Almost ubiquitous accessibility, cost-effective, superior performance and scalability Unavailable in remote areas, potential interference with terrestrial communications and high reliability/throughput for both air-to-air and airto-ground wireless communications in the three-dimensional (3D) space. Towards this end, four candidate communication technologies are listed and compared in Table III, including i) direct link; ii) satellite; iii) ad-hoc network; and iv) cellular network. In the following, we discuss the advantages as well as limitations of each of these technologies in detail.1) Direct Link: Due to its simpli...

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Section: E Prior Work and Our Contributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accessing From the Sky: A Tutorial on UAV Communications for 5G and Beyond

2019

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“…The main advantages of using UAVs in the CPS application are their exceptional characteristics (mobility, dynamism, ease of deployment, adaptive height, maneuverability, adjustability and effective assessment of real functions anytime, anywhere). The review [11] describes the fundamental problems of designing systems with several UAVs for CPS applications. Various algorithms for xed and mobile coverage and target tracking have been investigated, and comparisons have been made between them on complexity, share of open area and number of surveillance cameras.…”

Section: Related Publicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, the number of publications devoted to these issues is constantly increasing. In recent years, many books, reviews, tutorials [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and articles [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] have been published. This article is based on our preprint (https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-885685/v1) and uses a centralized two-way Radio Line of Sight (RLOS) connection of a ground station with all drones in a swarm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studying Data Loss, Nonlinearity, and Modulation Effects in Drone Swarms with Artificial Intelligence

Kharchenko

Grekhov

Kondratiuk

2023

Preprint

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Artificial Intelligence (AI) of drone swarms depends on reliable communications. The parallelism and distributed characteristics of swarm intelligence provide self-adapting and reliable capabilities. This article is devoted to the calculation of packet losses and the impact of traffic parameters on the data exchange in swarms. Original swarm models were created with the help of MATLAB and NetCracker packages. Dependences of data packet losses on the transaction size are calculated for different drone number in a swarm using NetCracker software. Data traffic with different parameters and statistical distribution laws was considered. The effect of different distances to drones on the base station workload has been simulated. Data transmission in a swarm was studied using MATLAB software depending on the signal-to-noise ratio, nonlinearity levels of base station amplifier, signal modulation types, base station antenna diameters, and signal phase offsets. The data obtained allows foresee the operation of drone communication channels in swarms.

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“…However, they only put emphasis on the specialized applications and implementations of the CPS, but ignoring the cyber issues and their inherent relations. In [44], the design issues and challenges with respect to the communication (i.e., networking and cross-layer design for scalable and secure communication), computation (i.e., image analysis and vision-based techniques) and control (i.e., flight control and path/trajectory planning) are respectively investigated for various UAV-enabled CPS applications. Nevertheless, the coupling effects between these components are not discussed.…”

Section: Section V: Coupling Effects In the Uav Networkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Survey on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Networks: A Cyber Physical System Perspective

Wang

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2020

IEEE Commun. Surv. Tutorials

165

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Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) networks are playing an important role in various areas due to their agility and versatility, which have attracted significant attention from both the academia and industry in recent years. As an integration of the embedded systems with communication devices, computation capabilities and control modules, the UAV network could build a closed loop from data perceiving, information exchanging, decision making to the final execution, which tightly integrates the cyber processes into the physical devices. Therefore, the UAV network could be considered as a cyber physical system (CPS). Revealing the coupling effects among the three interacted components in this CPS system, i.e., communication, computation and control, is envisioned as the key to properly utilize all the available resources and hence improve the performance of the UAV networks. In this paper, we present a comprehensive survey on the UAV networks from a CPS perspective. Firstly, we respectively research the basics and advances with respect to the three CPS components in the UAV networks. Then we look inside to investigate how these components contribute to the system performance by classifying the UAV networks into three hierarchies, i.e., the cell level, the system level, and the system of system level. Further, the coupling effects among these CPS components are explicitly illustrated, which could be enlightening to deal with the challenges in each individual aspect. New research directions and open issues are discussed at the end of this survey. With this intensive literature review, we try to provide a novel insight into the state-of-the-art in the UAV networks.

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Design Challenges of Multi-UAV Systems in Cyber-Physical Applications: A Comprehensive Survey, and Future Directions

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Accessing From the Sky: A Tutorial on UAV Communications for 5G and Beyond

Accessing From the Sky: A Tutorial on UAV Communications for 5G and Beyond

Studying Data Loss, Nonlinearity, and Modulation Effects in Drone Swarms with Artificial Intelligence

Survey on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Networks: A Cyber Physical System Perspective

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