Design and validation of an electro-hydraulic brake system using hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation

Yong, Jia-Wang; Gao, Feng; Ding, Ning; He, Yuping

doi:10.1007/s12239-017-0060-2

Cited by 45 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Actuators 2020, 9, 15 4 of 24 EHB replaces some mechanical parts with electronic components and solenoid valves. In particular, the electronic pedal simulator replaces the traditional brake pedal [10]. The sensor on the pedal simulator converts the pedal stroke or pedal force into electronic signal and then transmits it to the ECU.…”

Section: Electro-hydraulic Brakementioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the simulation phase, the professional software, such as Maxwell, AMESim, and Simulink, are used to establish the actuator's finite element model, dynamic model, and controller model, and the analysis tools and optimization theories are used to optimize the actuator and controller [26,46]. In the test phase, dSPACE is firstly used to complete software-in-the-loop (SIL) and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) verification; and then, the actual vehicle test is completed to comprehensively evaluate the BBW system [9,10,47,48].…”

Section: Design Of Actuator Controllermentioning

confidence: 99%

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Review on the Development, Control Method and Application Prospect of Brake-by-Wire Actuator

Gong

Yan

et al. 2020

Actuators

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This paper reviews and summarizes the development, key technologies, and application of brake-by-wire (BBW) actuators. BBW is the technology orientation of future vehicle brake system. The main feature of BBW is to replace some of the mechanical and hydraulic components of traditional brake system with electronic control components, and use cables and wires to transmit energy and signals. BBW actuators have outstanding advantages, such as fast response, accurate control, and compact structure. They are easy to integrate with active safety functions and they are easily matched with the regenerative braking systems of electric vehicle. First, this paper summarizes the classification, characteristics, performance, and architecture of BBW actuators. Subsequently, the braking process regulation of vehicle is considered to be the main target, which is summarized from two aspects of actuator regulation and braking force distribution. The state estimation algorithm and control algorithm applied to these actuators are summarized and analyzed, and the development trend, challenges, and schemes of the braking force distribution are proposed. The development and research trend of braking force match strategies between the regenerative brake system and BBW system are also analyzed and summarized. The further electrification and intelligence of vehicle demand BBW's braking force control method and distribution method must have higher control accuracy, stronger robustness, and wider adaptability, and the effects on braking comfort and handling stability must be further discussed.Actuators 2020, 9, 15 2 of 24 new features [2,3]. The additional functions, such as ABS and ESP, require additional devices, such as high-speed solenoid valves, oil return pumps, and return lines. Therefore, the structure of hydraulic brake system is becoming increasingly complex, and the maintenance is also becoming more and more difficult [4,5]. At present, new energy vehicles, such as electric vehicles (EV), hybrid electric vehicles (HEV), and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEV), are developing rapidly and are highly concerned by major automotive manufacturers. However, most electric vehicles still use hydraulic brake system. On the one hand, the electric vehicles cannot use vacuum boosters to provide auxiliary force. The electric hydraulic pump must first be used to increase the hydraulic pressure, and then delivers the high pressure to each wheel. The electric energy needs to be converted and then transmitted multiple times in this process, so the energy utilization efficiency is not high, and there is the potential danger of brake fluid leakage. On the other hand, the hydraulic brake system cannot accurately and independently regulate the braking force, so it cannot be well matched with the regenerative brake system of EV and HEV [6].Actuators 2020, 9, 15 2 of 24 hydraulic brake system is becoming increasingly complex, and the maintenance is also becoming more and more difficult [4,5]. At present, new energy vehicles, such as electric vehicles (EV)...

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Section: Electro-hydraulic Brakementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Design Of Actuator Controllermentioning

confidence: 99%

Review on the Development, Control Method and Application Prospect of Brake-by-Wire Actuator

Gong

Yan

et al. 2020

Actuators

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“…Yang and Wu (2017) proposed a driver braking intention recognition method based on fuzzy logic, and carried out hardware-in-theloop experiments on this method under typical working conditions, which were able to identify the driver's braking intention effectively, but they did not consider braking cylinder pressure control. After Kalman-filter and sliding-mode control, Yong et al (2017) proposed a hydraulic force control method that was used in the EHB system with a motor drive and deceleration mechanism. Hardware-in-the-loop simulation experiments were carried out.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hydraulic-pressure-following control of an electronic hydraulic brake system based on a fuzzy proportional and integral controller

Chen

Shao

Liu

et al. 2020

Engineering Applications of Computational Fluid Mechanics

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Significant nonlinearity of electronic hydraulic brake (EHB) systems often leads to complex hydraulic force control responses. This paper designs a motor-driven EHB system and analyzes nonlinear friction induced by the deceleration mechanism. To compensate this friction, a flutter signal is added to the controller input. In addition, this paper designs a fuzzy-PI (Proportional and Integral) controller for the cylinder hydraulic pressure of the EHB system based on the opening and closing characteristics of a solenoid valve. Response curves of cylinder hydraulic pressure are obtained under three different input signals: step, triangular, and sinusoidal. The co-simulation model is established by AMEsim TM and Simulink R ansofts. The study results indicate that the proposed hydraulic-forcefollowing control method of the EHB system can follow different input signals well. A step response test and a sine-wave-following test are carried out, which correspond to the EHB response in the case of driver's emergency braking and frequent braking, respectively. Stable and rapid pressure build-up is obtained under different step target hydraulic pressures. Therefore, the hydraulic-force-following control method of the EHB system based on a fuzzy-PI controller can satisfy the EHB system accuracy requirements for an electric vehicle, which is a certain valuable for the automobile industry.

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“…Using the motor alone to provide braking torque sometimes failed to meet the ABS braking requirements. Moreover, when the motor was damaged, the braking torque required during the ABS braking process could not be provided, and the establishment of the hydraulic pressure took a long time [17], resulting in the hydraulic brake system unable to provide the required torque in time [18]. Reference [19] proposed an integrated control strategy of regenerative braking and ABS, which can obtain maximal available adhesion by controlling integrally hydraulic braking force and regenerative braking force.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Coordinated Control for Regenerative Braking System and Anti-Lock Braking System for Electrified Vehicles Under Emergency Braking Conditions

Yang

Tang

et al. 2020

IEEE Access

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The economy of electrified vehicles can be improved by using the motor to recover the energy released during braking. However, the vehicle's regenerative braking system (RBS) and anti-lock braking system (ABS) are not compatible, so the energy dissipated during braking cannot be recovered under emergency braking conditions. This paper employs the method of logic threshold control combined with phase plane theory to analyze the relationship between the slip rate and the braking torque during the ABS braking process and to obtain the composition rule of the braking torque required for ABS braking. Based on this rule, a control strategy to coordinate RBS and ABS when triggering ABS is proposed to improve the efficiency of braking energy recovery. Furthermore, a comparative simulation is conducted to analyze the braking performance of electrified vehicle on roads with different adhesion coefficients by adopting the proposed control strategy and the traditional control strategy. The results show that, compared with the traditional coordinated control strategy, the braking energy recovery efficiency of the proposed coordinated control strategy is improved by 23.08%-38.54%, and can effectively shorten the braking distance and braking time, with better braking performance. Therefore, this paper offers a useful theoretical reference to the design of RBS and ABS coordinated control strategies for electrified vehicles. INDEX TERMS Anti-lock braking system, Coordinated control strategy, Energy recovery, Regenerative braking.

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Design and validation of an electro-hydraulic brake system using hardware-in-the-loop real-time simulation

Cited by 45 publications

References 9 publications

Review on the Development, Control Method and Application Prospect of Brake-by-Wire Actuator

Review on the Development, Control Method and Application Prospect of Brake-by-Wire Actuator

Hydraulic-pressure-following control of an electronic hydraulic brake system based on a fuzzy proportional and integral controller

Dynamic Coordinated Control for Regenerative Braking System and Anti-Lock Braking System for Electrified Vehicles Under Emergency Braking Conditions

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