Design and testing of a monopropellant thruster based on N2O decomposition in Pd/Al2O3 pellets catalytic bed

Martino, Giuseppe D. Di; Gallo, Giuseppe; Mungiguerra, Stefano; Festa, G.; Savino, Raffaele

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2020.12.016

Cited by 13 publications

(1 citation statement)

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“…However, they are highly toxic fuels and lead to great harm to human health and the environment. Therefore, countries around the world have gradually turned their attention to the development of green and high-energy propellants, − e.g., hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), hydroxylamine nitrate (HAN, [NH 3 OH] + [NO 3 ] − ), 2-hydroxyethylhydrazinium nitrate (HEHN, [HOCH 2 CH 2 NH 2 NH 2 ] + [NO 3 ] − ), and hydrazine nitrate (HNF) propellants. Among them, HAN is a high-energy ionic liquid.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Theoretical Studies of HAN and HEHN Pyrolysis at Low Pressure

Zhu,

Lei,

Liu

et al. 2024

Energy Fuels

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Nitro-based ionic liquids are promising green propellants that have been studied as substitutes for hydrazine. An in-depth study of their thermal decomposition mechanism is important to further improve their combustion efficiency. In this work, pyrolysis experiments of hydroxylamine nitrate (HAN) and 2-hydroxyethylhydrazinium nitrate (HEHN) were carried out by using a flow reactor combined with synchrotron vacuum ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry. The mole fraction distribution of the pyrolysis products was quantitatively measured. In addition, to further understand the decomposition mechanism of nitro-based ionic liquids, we performed quantum chemical calculations on 2-hydroxyethylhydrazine (HEH), the initial decomposition product of HEHN, at the CCSD(T)/BH&HLYP/6-311++G(d,p) level. The calculation results show that bond fission and hydrogen migration are potential driving forces in the overall pyrolysis process. In particular, nitric acid plays an important role in the autocatalytic decomposition behavior of HEH. These results on the thermal decomposition of these two ionic liquids provide valuable references for the future kinetic modeling of nitro-based ionic liquids.

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