Design and synthesis of novel 7-heterocycle-6-trifluoromethyl-3-oxoquinoxaline-2-carboxylic acids bearing a substituted phenyl group as superior AMPA receptor antagonists with good physicochemical properties

Synthesis, characterization and in vitro anticancer, DNA binding and cleavage studies of Mn (II), Co (II), Ni (II) and Cu (II) complexes of Schiff base ligand 3‐(2‐(1‐(1H‐benzimidazol‐2‐yl)ethylidene)hydrazinyl)quinoxalin‐2(1H)‐one and crystal structure of the ligand

“…Transition metal complexes of multidentate heterocyclic ligands containing nitrogen donor sites have gained prominence due to their versatile structural features, varied ligational behaviour, beneficial biological activities and potential applications in the fields of medicine, materials research and catalysis . Metal complexes, particularly those containing sp 2 hybrid nitrogens as part of the aromatic system of the ligands, find significant applications as drugs . Schiff bases containing nitrogen heterocyclic moieties act as efficient ligands and form chelating complexes with transition metal ions .…”

Antagonists of AMPA/KA and NMDA (glycine site) glutamate receptors

“…The presence of a chlorine atom at this position, as noted above, increased selectivity for Glu N receptors [19,64,73,74].…”

“…Thus, compound XXXIV (R = H), with an imidazole ring at this position, interacts more effectively with AMPA receptors than analogs with small groupings (XXXIV, R = H, CN, Me, etc.) [73].…”

Synthesis and Neuropharmacological Evaluation of Some Novel Quinoxaline 2, 3-Dione Derivatives

“…Among the glutamate receptor antagonists, AMPA-R antagonists appear to be free from side effects such as schizophrenia and have shown effectiveness against neuronal death, even if administered after-ischemia. In consequence, AMPA-R antagonists have been reported to be effective in the therapy of neurodegenerative disorders such as ischemic stroke, epilepsy, head trauma, and Alzheimer's disease [6, 7]. …”