Design and study of anticaries effect of different medicinal plants against S.mutans glucosyltransferase

Abstract

Background The present study was aimed to evaluate the molecular level anticaries effect of different medicinal plants against Streptococcus mutans ( S.mutans) glucosyltransferases (gtf). Methods A total of six natural sources named as Terminalia chebula (T.chebula), Psidium guajava (P.guajava), Azadirachta indica (A.indica) and Pongamia pinnata (P.pinnata) ; two essential oils, clove ( Syzygium aromaticum ) and peppermint oil ( Mentha piperita ) were selected as test samples. Hydroalcoholic plant extracts and essential oils were examined for their inhibitory potential on gtf isolated from S.mutans. Polyherbal mouth wash was prepared and its effect on gtf activity was compared with commercial chlorhexidine mouth wash (5%w/v). Enzyme kinetic study was carried out in order to explore the molecular mechanism of enzyme action. Results Out of six natural sources tested, A.indica has shown maximum inhibitory effect of 91.647% on gtf and T.chebula has shown IC 50 of 1.091 mg/ml which is significant when compared to standard chlorhexidine. From the final result of kinetic analysis it was found that T.chebula, P.guajava and P.pinnata have show uncompetitive inhibition where as A.indica has shown non-competitive inhibition. Surprisingly, both essential oils have shown allosteric inhibition (sigmoidal response). The polyherbal moutwash has shown significant inhibitory potential on gtf (95.936%) when compared to commercial chlorhexidine mouthwash ( p < 0.05). Conclusion All the tested samples have shown considerable gtf inhibitory action. Moreover polyherbal mouth wash has shown promising noncompetitive inhibitory activity against gtf and it could be the future formulation to combat dental caries.

Effects of Cinnamon (Cinnamomum spp.) in Dentistry: A Review

“…The attention of many researchers has focused on the antimicrobial properties of traditional medical substances, like essential oils (EOs) [ 5 , 6 , 7 ]. EOs and extracts have demonstrated effective antibacterial and antifungal properties [ 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 ].…”

Suppressive Effects of Hainosan (Painongsan) against Biofilm Production by Streptococcus mutans

“…As both gtfB and gtfC synthesize principally water-insoluble glucans, gtfD synthesizes water-soluble glucans [19,20]. The gtfs are implicated in cell-cell communications, signal transduction, immune reaction, and microbial attachment [21]. S. mutans synthesize extracellular glucans from the glucose moiety of sucrose by gtfB, gtfC, and gtfD and the fructans from the fructose moiety of sucrose by ftf [22].…”

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“…Streptococcus mutans is the principal cariogenic bacterium in humans [7,8]. It was reported that S. mutans bacteria are colonized in environments rich in sucrose and glucan-mediated on tooth surfaces [9]. The sticky polymer produced by sucrose named glucan produced of S. mutans is a starting factor for dental caries formation due to trapping oral bacteria, food debris, and salivary components [10].…”