A general theory of the torque/slip and current/slip characteristics of solid-rotor induction machines is developed in terms of dimensionless coefficients, and its validity is demonstrated by measurements on machines in the range 6-1500 W. Generalised characteristics are presented in the form of curves of the dimensionless coefficients. The analysis is based on an expression for equivalent rotor impedance which is inversely proportional to the product of airgap flux and slip and which has a constant phase angle. Various methods of calculating eddy-current losses in solid rotors give impedances of this form, and the use of some of these in the generalised analysis is assessed.
LEST OF PRINCIPAL SYMBOLS= constant in equation for Z 2 = average flux density in airgap = saturation flux density of rotor material = diameter of rotor = e.m.f. induced in statbr phase by $ = stator supply frequency = stator current per phase = stator electric loading, A/m = end-effect factor = fundamental stator-winding factor = length of rotor body = number of stator phases = effective number of stator turns in series per phase = number of pole pairs = airgap power or torque = power loss in rotor = mechanical output power = fractional slip = stator terminal voltage per phase = co-ordinates of no-load point on generalised current locus = complex stator series impedance per phase = complex rotor impedance referred to stator, per phase = value of Z 2 when s = 1 and $ = $ 0 = complex magnetising impedance per phase = Thevenin equivalent impedance of stator = ratio of secondary impedance to primary impedance = dimensionless current coefficient = /3 at synchronous speed = dimensionless torque coefficient = phase angle of Z m = dimensionless slip coefficient = phase angle of Z x = resistivity of rotor material = phase angle of Zp = flux per pole = < £ > when E = V = phase angle of stator current = 0 S at synchronous speed = phase angle of rotor impedance 1 INTRODUCTION Interest has existed for many years in the asynchronous operation of solid-rotor machines, notably with reference to the transient and asynchronous performance of turbogenerators, 1 induction motors with solid rotors 2 and the starting of salient-pole motors with solid poles. 2 ' 3 This interest has also been extended to include solid-rotor induction motors operated with speed control by voltage reduction.starting and synchronising performance of reluctance motors with unlaminated rotors. So far, only experimental results and qualitative accounts of these aspects have been published. 5 » 6Early attempts at calculation of eddy-current losses induced in solid steel rotors relied on electromagnetic theory as derived for a linear medium. More recently, approximate analyses have been developed which take magnetic saturation into account in a variety of ways. For example, the theory 7 * 8 based on a rectangular magnetisation characteristic has been widely adopted, 9 " 12 and has been shown to give results which are generally satisfactory. Where they have been attempted, refinements have...