Design and performance of an accurate demand feeder for the study of feeding behaviour in sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L.

Sánchez-Vázquez, F.J.; Martínez, Manuel Santiago Torrano; Zamora, Salvador; Madrid, Juan Antonio

doi:10.1016/0031-9384(94)90244-5

Cited by 70 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…These differences in demand feeding rhythm between high-triggering fish could be explained by the fact that sea bass shows a high degree of dependence on light conditions (Sánchez-Vázquez et al 1994), although feeding rhythm could also be conditioned by individual's own clock (Madrid et al 2001). Variability is one of the characteristics of circadian rhythms in fish.…”

Section: Group Feeding Directed By Individual Biological Rhythmmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…22, 363-370 (2009) physiological variables (Boulos and Terman 1980). Therefore, in relation to natural diel and seasonal variation of food availability in the wild, feeding activity in fish shows a diel pattern even under controlled conditions (Sánchez-Vázquez et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) displays flexibility in its feeding rhythms (Anthouard et al 1993;Sánchez-Vázquez et al 1994, 1995aBoujard et al 1996). Many daily and seasonal rhythms are endogenously driven by the circadian system and synchronized by external cyclical cues with a stable periodicity, called zeitgebers (Falcon et al 1992;Sánchez-Vázquez et al 1995a;Madrid et al 2001).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Individual fish rhythm directs group feeding: a case study with sea bass juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) under self-demand feeding conditions

Millot

Bégout

2009

Aquat. Living Resour.

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-The long term influence of individual biological rhythms on group feed demand behaviour was investigated in European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) held under controlled environmental conditions with an on-demand feeding system. The experiment was realized over 219 days with 190 fish distributed on 4 tanks. Sea bass had a mean body mass comprised between 139 g to 183 g. The number of feed demand acts by each individual was calculated daily, and the population could thus be partitioned into three categories (high-, low-and zero-triggering fish). The duration of the period that an individual held high-triggering status could vary, but was 63 ± 16 days on average. The transition period between two highest-triggering fish in one tank was on average 4 ± 4 days. The group feeding rhythm followed the same pattern of feed demand rhythm as the highest-triggering individual fish. When the highest-triggering fish was nocturnal, the totality of feed demand in the group was realized during the night with one peak at 22:00, corresponding to dusk under experimental conditions. When the highest-triggering fish was diurnal, the majority of feed demand in the group was realized during the light period with one peak at 06:00, corresponding to dawn, and/or another at 12:00. This study therefore highlights that sea bass group feeding behaviour is not the sum of individual feed demand behaviours, but is directed by the rhythm and behaviour of a few high-triggering fish. The regular changes of high-triggering fish in the group proved that it was not the identity of these particular fish that was most important for the group, but their role as a feed demand leader. Key words:Feeding rhythms / Feed demand leader / Social interactions / Self-feeder / Dicentrarchus labrax Résumé -L'influence à long terme des rythmes biologiques individuels sur le comportement alimentaire du groupe est étudiée sur des bars européens (Dicentrarchus labrax) maintenus dans des conditions environnementales contrôlées et avec un système d'alimentation à la demande. L'expérience est réalisée sur 219 jours avec 190 poissons répartis dans 4 bassins. Les bars ont un poids corporel moyen compris entre 139 g à 183 g. Le nombre de demande alimentaire réalisée par chaque individu est calculé quotidiennement, et la population a pu être divisée en trois catégories (manipulateur principal, occasionnel et non manipulateur). La durée pendant laquelle un manipulateur principal reste actif peut varier, mais elle est en moyenne de 63 ± 16 jours. La période de transition entre deux manipulateurs principaux dans un bassin est en moyenne de 4 ± 4 jours. Le rythme alimentaire du groupe suit le même patron que celui du manipulateur principal. Lorsque le manipulateur principal est nocturne, la totalité des demandes alimentaires du groupe est réalisée pendant la nuit avec un pic à 22:00, correspondant au crépuscule dans les conditions expérimentales. Lorsque le manipulateur principal est diurne, la majorité des demandes alimentaires du groupe est réalisée pendant la périod...

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Section: Group Feeding Directed By Individual Biological Rhythmmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Individual fish rhythm directs group feeding: a case study with sea bass juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) under self-demand feeding conditions

Millot

Bégout

2009

Aquat. Living Resour.

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“…Likewise, all sea bass could feed freely according to their appetite. These fish are known to be able to trigger a self-feeder system during the day and also at night (Sánchez-Vásquez et al, 1994;Bégout-Anras, 1995;Boujard et al, 1996;Madrid et al, 1997;Covès et al, 1998;Aranda et al, 2000;Gardeur et al, 2001;Rubio et al, 2004). In addition, each activation of the self-feeder was followed by the consumption of distributed pellets: indeed, during the four months of experiment, only 0.15% of supplied pellets was wasted.…”

Section: Feed Rhythm and Specific Growth Ratementioning

confidence: 99%

No efficiency of the lateral system on nocturnal feeding in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.)

et al. 2006

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In order to evaluate the effect and consequence of lateral system inactivation on fish nocturnal feeding, the differential growth of groups of European sea bass maintained in different rearing conditions were compared. Whereas some fish with intact lateral system (placebo fish) were placed under a photoperiod of 12-L : 12-D, other placebo fish were kept in the dark. In the same way, fish deprived of lateral system by section of their lateral system nerves and antibiotic treatment were placed under a photoperiod of 12-L : 12-D and the others in the dark. For each of these four rearing conditions, two sets of experiment were realized. Percent mortality, feed rhythm, averaged daily feed demand, specific growth rate and feed efficiency were compared among these four groups of fish. After four months of experiment, results revealed that, under a photoperiod of 12-L : 12-D, fish showed a diurnal feed rhythm whereas no rhythm appeared in fish kept in the dark. In addition, as reported by other authors, the average daily feed demand, the quantity of ingested food and specific growth rate were greater in fish maintained under a photoperiod of 12-L : 12-D than those kept in the dark. The fish lateral system inactivation did not affect mortality, feed intake, specific growth rate or feed efficiency. These results demonstrated that lateral system is not the major sensory organ leading to European sea bass nocturnal feeding; chemoreception system undoubtedly taking over. If the olfactory system explains equal feed intake between placebo and treated fish, the greater specific growth rate in treated than in placebo fish indicates the action of another mechanism, such as a bbooster effectQ of antibiotics used for lateral system inactivation on fish. D

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“…This species has been shown to be highly plastic and to have a considerable ability to learn to press a lever to receive a food reward (Anthouard et al 1993;Covès et al 1998;Covès et al 2006;Millot et al 2008). In this experiment, we focused on the first 30 days, as self-feeding activity reaches satisfactory levels within 22 days in this species (Sánchez-Vázquez et al 1994).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of a plant-based diet on behavioural and physiological traits in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

Benhaïm

Bégout

Péan

et al. 2013

Aquat. Living Resour.

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-Replacing aquaculture feeds based on fisheries-derived resources with plant-based diets could be a relevant strategy to improve the sustainability of aquaculture. Recent studies on sea bass have shown that the total and early replacement of marine products by plant products would have a moderate effect on fish growth and body lipid content. Whether a plant-based diet impacts behavioural and physiological traits possibly linked to fish welfare, is not known, however. Here, we studied the effect of a totally plant-based diet introduced at an early stage of sea bass development on self-feeding behaviour, learning ability in a T-maze and stress biomarkers. We first compared learning processes in selffeeding conditions, between naive fish fed a plant-based diet (PBF) and fish fed a classic marine diet (MF). Then, we tested fish individually in a T-maze to compare the two feed groups for swimming activity, exploration and the ability to learn to discriminate between two two-dimensional objects associated with a reward. Blood physiological variables, including stress indicators (cortisol and glucose concentrations), were also determined. We did not find any indications of differences in self-feeding behaviour between PBF and MF in the first 30 days. A second experiment showed similar swimming activities in both fish categories. The "no-choice" percentage was high in both fish categories (∼60%), but all the fish moved preferentially toward the reward. Their first turns indicated an ability to discriminate between two two-dimensional objects to complete a simple task. However, the high percentage of "no-choice" responses in both fish categories could have rendered the results non significant. The T-maze test procedure induced the production of high concentrations of cortisol, indicating acute stress in fish of both groups during testing. Plasma cortisol concentration was higher in MF than PBF, suggesting that the plant-based diet may affect the short-term release of cortisol. This study provides the first insight into the impact of a plant-based diet on sea bass behavioural traits, and confirms the effect of this diet on cortisol release in response to stress. Overall, in this first experiment, we did not find any major impact of a plant-based diet on sea bass behavioural traits, which is an interesting point for the development potential of such a sustainable aquaculture strategy.

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Design and performance of an accurate demand feeder for the study of feeding behaviour in sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L.

Cited by 70 publications

References 16 publications

Individual fish rhythm directs group feeding: a case study with sea bass juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) under self-demand feeding conditions

Individual fish rhythm directs group feeding: a case study with sea bass juveniles (Dicentrarchus labrax) under self-demand feeding conditions

No efficiency of the lateral system on nocturnal feeding in the European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.)

Impact of a plant-based diet on behavioural and physiological traits in sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax)

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