“…In recent years, optimization design of electromagnetic components is generally by means of numerical simulation or full wave electromagnetic simulation software, e.g., high frequency structure simulator (HFSS), computer simulation technology (CST), combined with global optimization algorithm [1,2], which have achieved some good research results. Generally, high-fidelity results can be obtained by simulating microwave components using full wave electromagnetic simulation software, while the process along with high computational cost and time-consuming, since requiring the invocation of electromagnetic simulation software to evaluate individuals of global optimization method many times.…”