Summary
A novel multiband pinwheel fractal antenna with monopole configuration is proposed. The pinwheel fractal antenna has been fabricated on a commercially available FR4 substrate with a thickness of 1.6 mm. This paper proposes a novel pinwheel antenna with a 50% reduction in the dimension of width with a reduced level of return loss. The proposed antenna has multiband characteristics covering the bands of GSM (900 MHz), DCS (1710 GHz), PCS (1900 MHz), UMTS (1920 MHz), and WLAN (2.4–5.9 GHz) applications. The projected antenna resonates at multiple frequencies with acceptable antenna gain and directivity. The proposed antenna design is optimized by particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. The parametric studies and the design rule for the proposed fractal have been reported. The prototypes of the proposed multiband antenna have been demonstrated. The measured and simulated results ensure the multi‐resonance characteristics and authorize the projected design method and gratify the necessities of handheld wireless communication systems. The performance analysis proves that the proposed novel pinwheel antenna provides reduced return loss.
This paper proposes a novel compact, single structure, multi-band antenna along with tested results for wireless local area networks (WLAN) and Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) applications. In this work, modified complementary split-ring resonators (CSRR) were incorporated in the ground layer of the patch to achieve permeable bands to accommodate multi-resonance frequencies in a single device. The proposed antenna design supported the upgraded performance and led to desirable size reduction. Open stubs were incorporated at the edges of the triangle batch to get the improved reflection coefficient responses. It resulted in specific band spectra of 2.4 / 3.4 / 5.1 / 5.8GHz for WLAN/WiMAX applications. For constructive antenna design, CST microwave studio simulation software was utilized. S11 parameter was observed as -24dB at 2.4GHZ, -32dB at 3.4GHz. -15dB at 5.1GHz and -22dB at 5.8GHz bands. Field patterns of each band were observed. The parametric study of the arrangement and positioning of the CSRR unit cell was examined. Excellent consistency between the experimental and simulated results revealed the capability of the projected structure to perform with improved gain.
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