Design and optimization of a novel reverse layered air‐cooling battery management system using U and Z type flow patterns

Abstract

Summary Battery thermal management technology is critical to the lifespan and performance of the lithium‐ion battery packs. In this work, a reverse layered series cooling scheme with a U/Z type flow pattern is introduced to enhance the temperature uniformity of the forced‐air cooling BTMS. The cooling performance of the current design is investigated and compared with that of the parallel cooling for the dynamic unsteady heat generation process. It is demonstrated that the proposed cooling scheme provides good cooling performance and uniform temperature distribution. Then, the geometric structure of the proposed cooling scheme with a U‐type inlet/outlet manifold is optimized by the response surface methodology and the Cuckoo search algorithm. In comparison with the initial design, the maximum temperature of the optimized design is reduced by 0.97°C and the temperature difference is reduced by up to 36.4% (1.23°C) with the pressure drop increased merely by 1.28 Pa.

Efficient Design of Battery Thermal Management Systems for Improving Cooling Performance and Reducing Pressure Drop

“…Lyu et al [32] investigated the optimal deflector angles of an air-cooled BTMS, and used a genetic algorithm to further optimize the battery spacings, remarkably reducing the battery temperature difference. Lan et al [33] introduced reverse airflow into an air-cooled U-type BTMS and adopted a cuckoo search algorithm to optimize the deflector angles and battery spacings, leading to a remarkable reduction in the battery temperature difference. Ghafoor et al [34] combined a genetic algorithm with a support vector machine to optimize the parallel channel width distribution in a Z-type air-cooled BTMS, with the objective of minimizing the temperature difference of the battery pack, which reduced the maximum temperature and temperature difference of the battery pack by 3.5 K and more than 70%, respectively.…”