Design and Mechanisms of Asymmetric Supercapacitors

Shao, Yuanlong; El‐Kady, Maher F.; Sun, Jingyu; Li, Yaogang; Zhang, Qinghong; Zhu, Meifang; Wang, Hongzhi; Dunn, Bruce; Kaner, Richard B.

doi:10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00252

Cited by 2,466 publications

(1,672 citation statements)

References 405 publications

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“…However,a ta currentd ensity of 10 Ag À1 in Figure 6d,t he discharget ime of the electrode was much longert han that of the other two samples, suggesting ah igher double-layer capacitance. [13,16] Consequently,t he GCA electrode had am uch highers pecific capacitances at current densities between 3a nd 10 Ag À1 ,a ss hown in Figure 6e.S pecifically,t he GCA electrode delivered specific capacitances of 339, 328, 320,a nd 308 Fg À1 at current densities of 3, 5, 8, and 10 Ag À1 ,r espectively.F urthermore, the electrochemical impedance spectra (EIS;F igure 6f)w ere obtained to evaluate the electrochemical properties of the electrodes.T he Nyquist plots of all three electrodes consisted of as emicircle in the high-frequencyr egion and as loped line in the low-frequency region. 0.05 V) of the GCA electrode was lower than that of both the PCA (ca.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

A Chemical Blowing Strategy to Fabricate Biomass‐Derived Carbon‐Aerogels with Graphene‐Like Nanosheet Structures for High‐Performance Supercapacitors

Zhang

Luo

et al. 2019

ChemSusChem

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The efficient exploitation and utilization of low‐cost and biomass‐derived carbon materials will play an active role in developing sustainable energy storage systems. However, the difficult morphology control and incomplete activation limits their pervasive application in electrochemical energy storage. Inspired by the famous Chinese folk handicraft of sugar‐figure blowing, biomass‐derived carbon aerogels (GCA) with 2 D graphene‐like thin nanosheets were fabricated by a simple chemical blowing strategy from a viscous agaric solution obtained through hydrothermal treatment of agaric. A chemical blowing agent (NH4Cl) was used to effectively exfoliate the bulk biomass‐derived carbon flake into 2 D graphene‐like nanosheets, which resulted in a highly porous structure and high specific area (2200 m2 g−1) after the activation process. As a result, a high specific capacitance of 340 F g−1 at 3 A g−1 and a high specific energy of 25.5 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 2 kW kg−1 was obtained for the GCA electrode, which can be attributed to the abundant electrochemically active surfaces, short ion transport paths, and effective electrolyte infiltration.. This work demonstrates an effective and low‐cost strategy to prepare hierarchical and well‐organized porous biomass carbon materials with graphene‐like nanosheets for high‐performance supercapacitors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

A Chemical Blowing Strategy to Fabricate Biomass‐Derived Carbon‐Aerogels with Graphene‐Like Nanosheet Structures for High‐Performance Supercapacitors

Zhang

Luo

et al. 2019

ChemSusChem

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“…The anode delivers an initial discharge capacity of 380 mA h g −1 with initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) of 91.0%. Accordingly, the charge storage mechanism can be qualitatively deduced by following formula [27] = i av b (1) where a and b are two various numbers. After 40 cycles, CPL-CuSe maintains a discharge capacity of 336 mA h g −1 with a high capacity retention of 88.4% as compared with the initial one ( Figure 3c).…”

Section: Sodium Storage Performance Of Cusementioning

confidence: 99%

Nanosheets‐Assembled CuSe Crystal Pillar as a Stable and High‐Power Anode for Sodium‐Ion and Potassium‐Ion Batteries

Lin

Yang

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

193

142

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Thanks to low costs and the abundance of the resources, sodium‐ion (SIBs) and potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) have emerged as leading candidates for next‐generation energy storage devices. So far, only few materials can serve as the host for both Na+ and K+ ions. Herein, a cubic phase CuSe with crystal‐pillar‐like morphology (CPL‐CuSe) assembled by the nanosheets are synthesized and its dual functionality in SIBs and PIBs is comprehensively studied. The electrochemical measurements demonstrate that CPL‐CuSe enables fast Na+ and K+ storage as well as the sufficiently long duration. Specifically, the anode delivers a specific capacity of 295 mA h g−1 at current density of 10 A g−1 in SIBs, while 280 mA h g−1 at 5 A g−1 in PIBs, as well as the high capacity retention of nearly 100% over 1200 cycles and 340 cycles, respectively. Remarkably, CPL‐CuSe exhibits a high initial coulombic efficiency of 91.0% (SIBs) and 92.4% (PIBs), superior to most existing selenide anodes. A combination of in situ X‐ray diffraction and ex situ transmission electron microscopy tests fundamentally reveal the structural transition and phase evolution of CuSe, which shows a reversible conversion reaction for both cells, while the intermediate products are different due to the sluggish K+ insertion reaction.

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“…Additionally, the calcium metal anode was also investigated. [19] Benefit from high power and high working voltage feature, one small packaged Ca-HSC instead of six standard dry cell batteries drove two handheld fans in parallel (inset of Figure 2b). The integrated anode design is directly conducive to lightweight, low cost, high capacity, and high energy density of the device.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A Calcium‐Ion Hybrid Energy Storage Device with High Capacity and Long Cycling Life under Room Temperature

Yao

Song

et al. 2019

Advanced Energy Materials

106

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Aurbach et al. [5] indicated that calcium deposition was impossible in organic solutions at room temperature. Molten salt cells were demonstrated to exhibit good reversibility at high operating temperature (550-700 °C), [6] which is difficult to meet with the mainstream applications operated under room temperature. Palacín et al. [3a] achieved the deposition of calcium at 75-100 °C and proved its reversibility for over 30 cycles. Recently, using Ca(BH 4 ) 2 in tetrahydrofuran as electrolyte, Ca ions were realized plating and stripping at room temperature for 50 cycles. [7] Up till now, because of the lack of an appropriate combination of suitable electrode materials and electrolytes, [8] it is difficult to construct calcium-based energy storage devices based on the conventional rocking-chairtype mechanism.Multiion reaction mechanism is a possible approach to break Ca-technology barrier, in which anions and cations react with cathode and anode, respectively, during charge process (Figure 1). In general, supercapacitors (SCs) exhibit superior rate and cycling properties [9] and dual-ion batteries (DIBs) have displayed high capacity and working voltage. [10] Meanwhile, SCs have to stop storing charge when the potential of either electrode reaches the threshold of electrolyte, [11] which prevents SCs from fully utilizing the voltage window of electrolyte, resulting in relatively low capacity and voltage. As for DIBs, the anion intercalation/deintercalation on cathode side will destabilize the structure for the large radius of anions (TFSI − , PF − 6 , etc.), thus degrading the cycling and rate performance. [12] Recently, Tang et al. developed a reversible calcium-based DIB at room-temperature, [13] but the cycling stability (350 cycles) and rate performance (the capacity remained 55% when the current density increased from 0.1 to 0.4 A g −1 ) were far from practical applications.Herein, we reported a novel calcium-ion hybrid energy storage device (Ca-HSC) at room temperature via combining the features of SCs and DIBs (Figure 1c), in which capacitor component cathode and battery component anode served as a complementary to each other while maintaining their unique advantages. [14] In detail, the stable and low anodic potential of this device caused by Faradaic reaction allowed the cathode potential to be tested up until the upper limit of electrolyte, enabling large capacity and high voltage. Meanwhile, the non-Faradaic reaction at the cathode brought fast kinetics performance and long cycling life. After optimization, this Ca-based Ca-ion based devices are promising candidates for next-generation energy storage with high performance and low cost, thanks to its multielectrons, superior kinetics, as well as abundance (2500 times lithium). Because of the lack of an appropriate combination of suitable electrode materials and electrolytes, it is unsuccessful to attain a satisfactory performance on complete Ca-ion energy storage devices. Here, the multiion reaction strategy is defined to construct a complete Ca-ion ener...

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Design and Mechanisms of Asymmetric Supercapacitors

Cited by 2,466 publications

References 405 publications

A Chemical Blowing Strategy to Fabricate Biomass‐Derived Carbon‐Aerogels with Graphene‐Like Nanosheet Structures for High‐Performance Supercapacitors

A Chemical Blowing Strategy to Fabricate Biomass‐Derived Carbon‐Aerogels with Graphene‐Like Nanosheet Structures for High‐Performance Supercapacitors

Nanosheets‐Assembled CuSe Crystal Pillar as a Stable and High‐Power Anode for Sodium‐Ion and Potassium‐Ion Batteries

A Calcium‐Ion Hybrid Energy Storage Device with High Capacity and Long Cycling Life under Room Temperature

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