Design and Implementation of Novel Smart Battery Management System for FPGA Based Portable Electronic Devices

Abstract

This paper presents the analysis and design of a smart battery management system for Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) based portable electronic devices. It is a novel concept of incorporating the functionality of a smart battery management system into the FPGA used by portable electronic devices, which provides the following advantages. (1) It lowers cost since the conventional commercial independent battery management circuit can be eliminated; (2) It offers more flexibility because FPGA based battery management algorithms can be specifically designed for different battery chemistries of different devices and can provide the flexibility of algorithms and functionalities updating as well. Smart battery management system concepts include four aspects: (1) smart charging; (2) battery balancing; (3) smart discharging; and (4) safety operating. One novel charging algorithm, which combines the merits of multistage charging and pulse charging, is proposed to charge a Li-ion battery pack smartly. A Proportional Integral (PI) control method is introduced to achieve the current control of charging circuit with considerable close loop stability. Simulation results from the PSIM 9.0.4 software package and experimental results from the prototype built in the lab are demonstrated to verify the effectiveness of smart charging. The realizations of battery balancing, smart discharging, and safety operating are also briefly described by taking advantage of the proposed FPGA based smart battery management system topology, which verify the feasibility of the proposed FPGA based smart battery management system for portable electronic devices.

Charging Optimization for Li-Ion Battery in Electric Vehicles: A Review

“…MCC has been combined with CC and CV which results in CC-MCC [73,75,127,[166][167][168] and MCC-CV [49,[169][170][171] charging protocol. Authors in [172] applied MCC throughout Phase II and Phase III.…”

Experimental Investigation on the Performances of a Multilevel Inverter Using a Field Programmable Gate Array-Based Control System

“…Moreover, the work described in [16] takes into account only three modulation techniques, also referring several DSP disadvantages such as the increased processing time or a reduced accuracy due to the limited available resources. Mentions of the flexibility of the FPGA system in terms of industry applications can be found in [17][18][19][20][21][22]. In particular recent papers [17,18,20] address the control of modular multilevel converters, and others face the growing application on electrical mobility from battery management systems [19] and traction [21][22][23].…”

“…Mentions of the flexibility of the FPGA system in terms of industry applications can be found in [17][18][19][20][21][22]. In particular recent papers [17,18,20] address the control of modular multilevel converters, and others face the growing application on electrical mobility from battery management systems [19] and traction [21][22][23]. All proposed recent papers report FPGA as the best answer for implementing in real time the control techniques, due to its adaptive parallel processing hardware structure, which permits implementing diverse algorithms with reducing the serial and consecutive operations compared to traditional CPU implementation.…”

Practical Analysis and Design of a Battery Management System for a Grid-Connected DC Microgrid for the Reduction of the Tariff Cost and Battery Life Maximization

“…The BESS is based on a BMS that optimizes the energy storage and implements an adequate charge procedure, which changes the charging rate and plans the SOC of the battery depending on the MG scenarios. The BMS has all the elements summarized in Table 2 [45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59]. A battery electrical model is described, which allows for determining all the static and dynamic characteristics of the battery.…”