Design and fabrication of a metastable β-type titanium alloy with ultralow elastic modulus and high strength

Abstract

Titanium and its alloys have become the most attractive implant materials due to their high corrosion resistance, excellent biocompatibility and relatively low elastic modulus. However, the current Ti materials used for implant applications exhibit much higher Young’s modulus (50 ~ 120 GPa) than human bone (~30 GPa). This large mismatch in the elastic modulus between implant and human bone can lead to so-called “stress shielding effect” and eventual implant failure. Therefore, the development of β-type Ti alloys with modulus comparable to that of human bone has become an ever more pressing subject in the area of advanced biomedical materials. In this study, an attempt was made to produce a bone-compatible metastable β-type Ti alloy. By alloying and thermo-mechanical treatment, a metastable β-type Ti-33Nb-4Sn (wt. %) alloy with ultralow Young’s modulus (36 GPa, versus ~30 GPa for human bone) and high ultimate strength (853 MPa) was fabricated. We believe that this method can be applied to developing advanced metastable β-type titanium alloys for implant applications. Also, this approach can shed light on design and development of novel β-type titanium alloys with large elastic limit due to their high strength and low elastic modulus.

Toward a Molecular Understanding of the Antibacterial Mechanism of Copper‐Bearing Titanium Alloys against Staphylococcus aureus

“…[47, 48] Hence, such biomaterials are especially suitable for use in treating the contaminated wound or cancer. They can decrease the chances of infection in internal fixation, reduce the cost of treatment for outpatients, and then improve the clinical therapy efficacy.…”

A Review of Metastable Beta Titanium Alloys

“…%) [31], Ti-33Nb-4Sn (wt. %) [82] in efforts to further lower the elastic modulus. In addition, binary Ti-Mn alloys are being investigated to lower costs associated with expensive Nb and Ta alloying elements [83].…”

Electrochemical Water Oxidation in Acidic Solution Using Titanium Diboride (TiB2) Catalyst

“…Figure A presents a powder X‐ray diffraction (XRD) pattern of the TiB 2 powder, which shows characteristic peaks at 27.6°, 34.2°, 44.5°, 57.0°, 61.2°, 68.1°, 68.4°, 72.1°, and 78.7° that can be indexed to the (001), (100), (101), (002), (110), (102), (111), (200), and (201) crystal planes, respectively, of the layered TiB 2 structure . The reflections at 38.4° and 65.1° likely correspond to the (020) and (130) crystal planes of the α′′‐martensite phase of Ti metal . Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of TiB 2 powder showed particles ranging between 5–15 μm (Figure B).…”

“…[34] The reflections at 38.4°and 65.1°likely correspond to the (020) and (130) crystal planes of the α''-martensite phase of Ti metal. [35] Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of TiB 2 powder showed particles ranging between 5-15 μm (Figure 1B). Inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) measurements did not indicate the presence of noble metal contaminants such as Ir, Ru, and Pt in detectable amounts (> 10 ppb).…”