Design and evaluation of herbal hepatoprotective formulation against paracetamol induced liver toxicity

Abstract

a b s t r a c tAim: To isolate and identify the quercetin from polyherbal hepatoprotective formulation. Polyherbal formulations were developed by using five bioactive fractionated extracts of Butea monosperma, Bauhinia variegata and Ocimum gratissimum for treatment of liver disorders by exploiting the knowledge of traditional system of medicine and evaluated for hepatoprotective activity using acute liver toxicity model of paracetamol induced liver damage in rats. Methods: Major active fractions were isolated by solvent fractionation and quantified by HPTLC method. Two polyherbal tablet formulations were developed by the wet granulation method using microcrystalline cellulose, aerosil and other excipients and subjected for physicochemical evaluation to assess physical stability followed by pharmacological screening. The prepared tablets were finally subjected to stability testing to assess its shelf-life. The rats were monitored for change in liver morphology, biochemical parameters like serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT), serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin for polyherbal tablet formulation at 50 mg/kg and polyherbal tablet formulation at 100 mg/kg. Results: Active principle was isolated, quantified by HPTLC and characterized with IR. Both formulations showed significant hepatoprotective activity. The histological studies were also support the biochemical parameters. From the results of biochemical analysis and histopathological studies, it can be accomplished that polyherbal tablet formulation at 100 mg/kg can be effectively formulated into a suitable dosage form with added benefit of no side effects for control and cure of chronic ailments like liver disorders. A comparative histopathological study of liver exhibited almost normal architecture as compared to toxicant group. Conclusion: Biochemical marker showed improved results for polyherbal tablet formulation at 100 mg/ kg. Polyherbal tablet formulation contains a potent hepatoprotective agent suggested to be a flavone concentrated in polyherbal formulation which may find clinical application in amelioration of paracetamol induced liver damage.

Extraction, identification, fractionation and isolation of phenolic compounds in plants with hepatoprotective effects

“…Artemisia capillaris revealed hepatoprotective activity in HepG2.2.15 cells with IC 50 values of 23.20 µg mL −1 for the 50% ethanol fraction and 108.20 µg mL −1 for the 90% ethanol fraction, which confer anti‐hepatitis B antigen secretion activity . The other fractions were tested in vivo and, among them, the H. rhamnoides ethyl acetate fraction can be highlighted, with activity at concentrations of 25–75 mg kg −1 , closely followed by the mixture of B. variegata (ethyl acetate and n ‐butanol fractions), B. monosperma (acetone fraction) and O. gratissimum (dichloromethane and ethyl acetate fractions), when concentrated at 50–100 mg kg −1 . Gentiana olivieri (ethyl acetate fraction) and C. abyssinica (methanol fraction) were also shown to protect liver tissues from chemically induced attack at concentrations of 125–250 and 200 mg kg −1 , respectively …”

“…and Silybum marianum (L.) Gaertn. These plants are used, among others, for hepatic purposes such as enlargement of liver ( A. barbadensis ), inhibition of hepatitis virus ( A. capillaris , C. vitifolium , P. amarus , E. arvense , A. mollis ), inhibition of tumor growth in hepatocarcinoma cell ( A. capillaris , C. angolensis , C. scolymus , S. marianum , L. indica , E. arvense , P. amarus , E. hainanesis ) and animal models ( C. angolensis , L. pterodonta ), and protection against chronic liver fibrosis and cirrhosis ( B. monosperma , B. variegata , O. gratissimum ) …”

“…Despite the paucity of studies found in this scope, we were able to collect information concerning the hepatoprotective effects of ethanol, ethyl acetate, n ‐butanol, acetone, dichloromethane and methanol fractions obtained from aerial parts, bark, leaves and flowering herb extracts. To obtain the fractions different procedures were adopted: (i) the plants were sequentially extracted with solvents with increasing polarity using a Soxhlet apparatus (for 72 h); (ii) the extracts described in the previous section or obtained by soaking in the solvent (at room temperature three times, each for 24 h) were dissolved in distilled water and fractionated through successive extractions with increasing polarity solvents; (iv) previously prepared extracts were subjected to macroporous resin D101 column chromatography …”

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“…monosperma hepatoprotective activity against paracetamol induced liver intoxication in experimental animals. [26] It also shows protective role against thioacetamide-mediated hepatic changes in Wistar rats. [27,28] Its aqueous extract shows hepatoprotective activity against CCl(4)-induced damage in rats.…”

Functional Drinks from a Rhizome of Nut Grass (Cyperus rotundus L.) with Mixed Fruits

“…If the heart suffered damage, the transportation function from hepatocyte is disturbed, and it causes the leakage of theplasma membrane and the increase of enzyme in the serum. The growth of enzyme activity indicates the damage of cell and all functions of the cell membrane in the heart (Gupta et al, 2013).…”