Design and Evaluation of a Secure Virtual Power Plant.

Johnson, Jay

doi:10.2172/1395430

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These enabling technologies also open the door to modern nonlinear and non-smooth algorithms [41], [42] that can overcome some of the fundamental limitations of traditional linear control techniques such as proportional (integral) controllers (PI), linear quadratic regulators (LQR), pole placement methods, etc. Additionally, the decentralized and complex dynamic properties of these architectures call for new control and optimization algorithms able to efficiently handle the emergence of intricate feedback loops with multiple time scales [43], [44], intertwined dynamic behaviors that embed continuous-time and discretetime dynamics [45], [46], switching cyber-physical infrastructure [47], [48], as well as the unavoidable stochastic nature of renewable generation [38], [40].…”

Section: B Motivation and Technical Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control Systems for Low-Inertia Power Grids: A Survey on Virtual Power Plants

et al. 2023

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Virtual Power Plants (VPPs) have emerged as a modern real-time energy management architecture that seeks to synergistically coordinate an aggregation of renewable and non-renewable generation systems to overcome some of the fundamental limitations of traditional power grids dominated by synchronous machines. In this survey paper, we review the different existing and emerging feedback control mechanisms and architectures used for the real-time operation of VPPs. In contrast to other works that have mostly focused on the optimal dispatch and economical aspects of VPPs in the hourly and daily time scales, in this paper we focus on the dynamic nature of the system during the faster sub-hourly time scales. The virtual (i.e., software-based) component of a VPP, combined with the power plant (i.e., physics-based) components of the power grid, make VPPs prominent examples of cyber-physical systems, where both continuous-time and discrete-time dynamics play critical roles in the stability and transient properties of the system. We elaborate on this interpretation of VPPs as hybrid dynamical systems, and we further discuss open research problems and potential research directions in feedback control systems that could contribute to the safe development and deployment of autonomous VPPs.INDEX TERMS Smart grids, renewable energy, virtual power plant, feedback control, multi-agent hybrid dynamical systems.

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Section: B Motivation and Technical Challengesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Control Systems for Low-Inertia Power Grids: A Survey on Virtual Power Plants

et al. 2023

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“…More sophisticated methods of determining the number of enclaves and which DER should be placed in each should be considered an area of future research. These approaches were initially explored in an earlier VPP project [65].…”

Section: Cyber Security Reference Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Power system effects and mitigation recommendations for DER cyberattacks

Johnson

Quiroz

Concepcion

et al. 2019

IET cyber-phys. syst.

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“…In this work, the DETL‐MdS‐prosperity VPP was constructed of several DER software modules which interact to provide grid services as a single entity. In prior work, the centralised controller was implemented with multiple physical residential PV inverters communicating SunSpec Modbus TCP [60]. However, the focus of this work was an evaluation of the effectiveness of the schedule and dispatch engines, so no physical equipment was directly controlled.…”

Section: Vpp Assetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The control setpoints were only issued every 0.2 s because that is the approximate communication delay in sending and receiving power data from DER equipment using Modbus TCP. A range of responses for different control settings is presented in [59, 60] for different communication rates.…”

Section: Feedback Controllermentioning

confidence: 99%