Design And Evaluation Of A 3 × 21 Element 1.75 Dimensional Tapered Ultrasound Phased Array For The Treatment Of Prostate Disease

Saleh, Khaldon Y.; Smith, Nadine Barrie

doi:10.1179/mri.2006.10.2.lxii

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This choice of element dimensions means that Grating lobes will be generated at unwanted locations. It has been found that a value of Grating lobe that is 20% of the maximum intensity is acceptable as it will not lead to temperatures above 41°C at the location of the Grating lobes, unless excessive acoustical power is used [8][9][10].…”

Section: Grating Lobesmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Previous effective flat arrays that were able to generate lesions in parts of the prostate include a two-dimensional (2-D) 8 9 8 phased array that was capable of electrically focusing and steering the ultrasound beam over a portion (less than half) of the prostate [8]. Another example is a 1.75-dimensional (1.75-D) 21 9 3 phased array that had the capability of focusing and steering the ultrasound beam at three different parallel planes inside the prostate [9,10]. Other flat shapes that were introduced in the past were 1.5-dimensional (1.5-D) 64 9 4 and 42 9 3 phased arrays that were used to perform tissue ablation on cancerous cells in the prostate [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimization of ultrasound array designs for high intensity focused treatment of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Lweesy

Fraiwan

Al-Bataineh

et al. 2009

Med Biol Eng Comput

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This paper describes the optimization of designing a two-dimensional (2-D) ultrasound phased array to be used for the treatment of both prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. The optimization study took into consideration the physical constraints of the conventional method of treatment, and arrived at an optimized array design with the overall dimensions of 10 cm x 2.2 cm. The optimization study also addressed the following additional parameters: The maximum possible depth of penetration (DOP), the maximum possible steering angle, the Grating lobe level, the operating frequency, and the element size. In optimizing the design, the DOP and the steering angle are maximized while the grating lobe value is minimized. A 56 x 12 element 2-D array was found to be the optimum choice allowing both focusing and steering within the entire prostate without inducing damage at locations other than that of the focal point.

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Section: Grating Lobesmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimization of ultrasound array designs for high intensity focused treatment of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Lweesy

Fraiwan

Al-Bataineh

et al. 2009

Med Biol Eng Comput

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show abstract

“…Furthermore, a single channel power amplifier is needed to drive the single element transducer; however, multiple channels are needed for a 2D phased array. Although a 2D phased array can be electrically steered without the need to mechanically moving the array, the total steering angle is limited due to the formation of large grating lobes as the steering angle increases [9,13,14].…”

Section: Transducer Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and ex vivo kidney evaluation of a high-intensity focused ultrasound transducer and 3D positioner

Lweesy

Fraiwan

Shatat

et al. 2009

Med Biol Eng Comput

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This article describes the design, construction, and evaluation of a three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound system to be used for the treatment of kidney tumors using high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU). The system consists of a therapeutic ultrasound delivery module (driver, power amplifier, matching circuit, and transducer (1 MHz)) and a 3D positioning module (stepper motors and microcontroller). The system includes software that designs a treatment planning according to the tumor coordinates. In order to verify the capability of the system for moving the transducer, the positioning module was successfully driven to cover cylinders of dimensions as large as 20 cm (diameter) x 10 cm (height) with step sizes as low as 0.05 mm. Several exposimetry experiments were done which showed close match between experimental and theoretical results. Ex vivo experiments were performed and indicated the capability of the system to generate a single lesion of 0.27 cm diameter and 0.45 cm length, as well as five lesions (each with a diameter of 0.3 cm) at prespecified locations. During the ex vivo experiments, temperature monitoring indicated an increase in temperature from 37 degrees C to about 60 degrees C inside the lesion, while outside it the temperature remained below 39 degrees C.

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“…Improvements over 1-D arrays for the treatment of localized prostatic cancer can be achieved. Many multi-dimensional ultrasound phased arrays have been designed and built for the treatment of prostate diseases; that includes a 1.5-dimensional (1.5-D) phased array [10] (a 1.5-D array consists of three individual linear array that can be driven individually or connected together to form a single linear array), a 1.75-dimensional (1.75-D) phased array [11] (a 1.75-D array consists of many individual linear arrays that are driven separately), and a two-dimensional (2-D) phased array [12]. The advantage with a multi-dimensional phased array is that it has the capability of focusing and steering in a 3-dimensional (3-D) representation of the prostate without the need to physically move the array.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A 63 element 1.75 dimensional ultrasound phased array for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia

Saleh

Smith

2005

BioMed Eng OnLine

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BackgroundProstate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia are very common diseases in older American men, thus having a reliable treatment modality for both diseases is of great importance. The currently used treating options, mainly surgical ones, have numerous complications, which include the many side effects that accompany such procedures, besides the invasive nature of such techniques. Focused ultrasound is a relatively new treating modality that is showing promising results in treating prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. Thus this technique is gaining more attention in the past decade as a non-invasive method to treat both diseases.MethodsIn this paper, the design, construction and evaluation of a 1.75 dimensional ultrasound phased array to be used for treating prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia is presented. With this array, the position of the focus can be controlled by changing the electrical power and phase to the individual elements for electronically focusing and steering in a three dimensional volume. The array was designed with a maximum steering angle of ± 13.5° in the transverse direction and a maximum depth of penetration of 11 cm, which allows the treatment of large prostates. The transducer piezoelectric ceramic, matching layers and cable impedance have been designed for maximum power transfer to tissue.ResultsTo verify the capability of the transducer for focusing and steering, exposimetry was performed and the results correlated well with the calculated field. Ex vivo experiments using bovine tissue were performed with various lesion sizes and indicated the capability of the transducer to ablate tissue using short sonications.ConclusionA 1.75 dimensional array, that overcame the drawbacks associated with one-dimensional arrays, has been designed, built and successfully tested. Design issues, such as cable and ceramic capacitances, were taken into account when designing this array. The final prototype overcame also the problem of generating grating lobes at unwanted locations by tapering the array elements.

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Design And Evaluation Of A 3 × 21 Element 1.75 Dimensional Tapered Ultrasound Phased Array For The Treatment Of Prostate Disease

Cited by 3 publications

References 5 publications

Optimization of ultrasound array designs for high intensity focused treatment of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Optimization of ultrasound array designs for high intensity focused treatment of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia

Design and ex vivo kidney evaluation of a high-intensity focused ultrasound transducer and 3D positioner

A 63 element 1.75 dimensional ultrasound phased array for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia

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