Design and discovery of mushroom tyrosinase inhibitors and their therapeutic applications

Abstract

Although a great number of tyrosinase inhibitors have been published in the literature, none, as of yet, have reached the potency and safety requirements needed to enter clinical trials. The emergence of new in vitro and in vivo tests will finally allow the arrival of new compounds that are more potent and safe.

Metabolite Profiling by Hyphenated Liquid Chromatographic Mass Spectrometric Technique (HPLC‐DAD‐ESI‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS) and Neurobiological Potential of Haplophyllum sahinii and H. vulcanicum Extracts

“…Additionally, ChEIs have been also used in the treatment of glaucoma and myasthenia gravis or as insecticidal agents . On the other hand, tyrosinase (TYR), an enzyme found in melanocytes, catalyzes the rate‐limiting oxidation of tyrosine to melanin, which plays a critical role in the pigmentation of skin, hair, and eyes in animal, undesirable browning of fruits and vegetables, moulting process of insects, and dopamine toxicity in Parkinson's disease (PD) as well as neuronal death in PD and Huntington's diseases . Thus, inhibition of TYR might be a new and quite important target in the treatment of the aforementioned diseases.…”

N-Acetyl-cysteine Increases Chemical Stability of Hydroquinone in Pharmaceutical Formulations: a Theoretical and Experimental Approach

“…10 Topical agents, chemical peels, cryotherapy and laser therapy are the main options for the treatment of skin hyperpigmentation. 11,12 However, the most popular treatment utilized for depigmentation is the topical cosmetics containing hydroquinone (HQ), the main therapeutic options in their formulation substances, as well as arbutin, azelaic acid, and kojic acid, 13,14 other agents acting through different mechanisms. 15,16 The effectiveness of HQ is related directly to the concentration of the preparation in the vehicle used to the chemical stability of the final product.…”

“…Furthermore, the extensive economic value of the inhibitors and different inhibitor compounds derived especially from natural products or synthetic compounds, have increased this interest. 11,14,15 Since hydroquinone (HQ), kojic acid (KA) and ascorbic acid (AA) are simple structures, these molecules are an attractive target for chemical stability studies due to their structure-property and design of better formulations. Therefore, in this work the increase of chemical stability of HQ by thiol antioxidant compound is displayed using experimental and theoretical methods.…”

Neurobiological evaluation of thirty-one medicinal plant extracts using microtiter enzyme assays

“…On the other hand, tyrosinase (TYR; polyphenol oxidase or oxygen oxidoreductase, EC 1.14.18.1) catalyzes the ratelimiting oxidation of tyrosine to melanin, which plays a critical role in pigmentation of skin related to melanoma, undesirable browning of fruits and vegetables, molting process of insects, and dopamine toxicity in Parkinson's disease (PD) as well as neuronal death in PD and Huntington's disease [3,4]. Therefore, inhibition of TYR is a new target and quite important for treatment of the aforementioned diseases.…”